National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Department of Human Nutrition & Food Science, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
Food Res Int. 2019 Nov;125:108611. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108611. Epub 2019 Aug 20.
This study was focused on the differences between three concentrations of four safe bio-active volatile terpenes and natural compounds (trans-cinnamaldehyde, thymol, menthol, and vanillin) on the egg yolk volatile components. In which, Headspace Solid phase Micro Extraction (HS-SPME) followed by GC/MS were used for volatiles analysis, and electronic nose (E-Nose) with 18 sensors was used for the aroma pattern. In the results, a total of 111 different volatile compounds were identified by using GC/MS. Some ketones, amines, nitro and organic acid compounds such as hexanone were significantly reduced after using these compounds. On the other hand, first principal components (PC1) of trans-cinnamaldehyde (0.1%) was decreased significantly (p < .05) to -4.8 ± 0.8, compared to the control with 4.3 ± 2.1. And, it increased benzaldehyde and nonanal peaks area significantly to 46.56 ± 14.46 and 9.22 ± 4.81 MPA. In menthol (0.1%), the content of d-limonene was decreased to 4.65 ± 0.49 MPA, compared to the control with 14.16 ± 4.95 MPA. On the other hand, by E-Nose, vanillin (0.1%) PC1 was decreased significantly to -4.48 ± 0.43. Moreover, thymol (0.1%) decreased hydrocarbon sensation to 0.448 ± 0.005. And, vanillin (0.1%) decreased hydrogen sulfide and ketones sensation to 0.169 ± 0.01 and 0.344 ± 0.01, respectively. In conclusion, this study is providing novel information to understand the effects of bio-active molecules on the biological fatty media volatility. Also, it explains how terpenes can protect egg yolk media from the unacceptable odor formation which results from the degradation of its lipids and proteins.
本研究主要关注四种安全生物活性挥发性萜类化合物和天然化合物(反式肉桂醛、百里香酚、薄荷醇和香草醛)在蛋黄挥发性成分上的三个浓度的差异。其中,顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)结合 GC/MS 用于挥发性分析,18 个传感器的电子鼻(E-Nose)用于香气模式分析。结果表明,GC/MS 共鉴定出 111 种不同的挥发性化合物。使用这些化合物后,一些酮类、胺类、硝基和有机酸化合物,如己酮,显著减少。另一方面,反式肉桂醛(0.1%)的第一主成分(PC1)显著降低(p<0.05)至-4.8±0.8,而对照样品为 4.3±2.1。并且,它显著增加了苯甲醛和壬醛的峰面积,达到 46.56±14.46 和 9.22±4.81 MPA。在薄荷醇(0.1%)中,d-柠檬烯的含量降低至 4.65±0.49 MPA,而对照样品中为 14.16±4.95 MPA。另一方面,通过 E-Nose,香草醛(0.1%)的 PC1 显著降低至-4.48±0.43。此外,百里香酚(0.1%)降低了碳氢化合物的感觉至 0.448±0.005。并且,香草醛(0.1%)降低了硫化氢和酮类感觉至 0.169±0.01 和 0.344±0.01。总之,本研究为理解生物活性分子对生物脂肪介质挥发性的影响提供了新的信息。此外,它解释了萜类化合物如何保护蛋黄介质免受其脂质和蛋白质降解产生的不可接受气味的形成。