Department of Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2020 May;46(5):926-944. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000766. Epub 2019 Sep 26.
Judgments of learning (JOLs) refer to explicit predictions regarding the likelihood of remembering newly acquired information on a later test of memory. In recent years, there has been considerable interest in understanding the processes that underlie such judgments. Recent theorizing on this matter has characterized JOLs as inferential in nature-that is, they are derived from the implicit utilization of a variety of different cues of which only some are diagnostic of future memory performance. The present series of experiments examine the potential role for one such cue, namely, perceptual fluency (i.e., the subjective ease of perceiving a stimulus) in guiding JOLs. Using a novel methodological approach adapted from Masson (1986), we demonstrate across 6 experiments that perceptual fluency per se can indeed inform predictions of future memory performance, but that its influence depends on the specific task requirements at the time JOLs are solicited. We discuss these results in relation to experience- versus theory-based contributions to metamemory judgments. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
判断学习（JOL）是指对新获得的信息在以后的记忆测试中记住的可能性的明确预测。近年来，人们对理解这些判断背后的过程产生了浓厚的兴趣。最近关于这个问题的理论将 JOL 描述为推理性质的，也就是说，它们是从对各种不同线索的隐性利用中得出的，而这些线索只有一些是对未来记忆表现的诊断。本系列实验考察了一种这样的线索，即感知流畅性（即感知刺激的主观容易程度）在指导 JOL 方面的潜在作用。我们使用了一种从 Masson（1986）改编而来的新颖方法，在 6 个实验中证明了感知流畅性本身确实可以为未来的记忆表现预测提供信息，但它的影响取决于在征求 JOL 时的特定任务要求。我们将这些结果与元记忆判断的基于经验和基于理论的贡献进行了讨论。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
