School of Psychology.
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2020 Feb;118(2):213-241. doi: 10.1037/pspa0000174. Epub 2019 Sep 26.
Social identities play an important role in many aspects of life, not least in those pertaining to health and well-being. Decades of research shows that these relationships are driven by a range of social identity processes, including identification with groups, social support received from groups, and multiple group memberships. However, to date, researchers have not had access to methods that simultaneously capture these social identity processes. To fill this void, this article introduces an online Social Identity Mapping (oSIM) tool designed to assess the multidimensional and connected nature of social identities. Four studies (total = 721) featuring community, student, new parent, and retiree samples, test the reliability and validity of oSIM. Results indicate that the tool is easy to use, engaging, has good internal consistency as well as convergent and discriminant validity, and predicts relevant outcomes across a range of contexts. Furthermore, using meta-analytic findings, the tool is able to index a higher-order social identity construct, here introduced as a supergroup. This new concept provides holistic information about groups (reflecting an integrated index of several social identity processes) that are predictive of well-being outcomes, as well as outcomes related to successful adjustment to challenging life events. We discuss how the tool can be used to tackle key debates in the literature and contribute to theory by affording researchers the opportunity to capture the nuanced and contextual nature of social identity in action. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
社会认同在生活的许多方面都起着重要作用，尤其是在与健康和幸福相关的方面。几十年来的研究表明，这些关系是由一系列社会认同过程驱动的，包括对群体的认同、从群体中获得的社会支持以及多重群体成员身份。然而，迄今为止，研究人员还没有办法同时捕捉这些社会认同过程。为了填补这一空白，本文介绍了一种在线社会认同图（oSIM）工具，旨在评估社会认同的多维和互联性质。四项研究（共 721 人）涉及社区、学生、新父母和退休人员样本，测试了 oSIM 的可靠性和有效性。结果表明，该工具易于使用、引人入胜，具有良好的内部一致性以及收敛和区分效度，并在一系列背景下预测了相关结果。此外，使用元分析结果，该工具能够索引更高阶的社会认同结构，本文将其引入为超级群体。这一新概念提供了关于群体的整体信息（反映了几个社会认同过程的综合指数），这些信息可预测幸福感结果以及与成功应对具有挑战性的生活事件相关的结果。我们讨论了该工具如何用于解决文献中的关键争议，并通过为研究人员提供机会来捕捉社会认同的细微和情境性质，从而为理论做出贡献。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
