Oper Dent. 2020 Mar/Apr;45(2):183-195. doi: 10.2341/19-028-L. Epub 2019 Sep 30.
We attempted to determine the effect of universal adhesive application time on dentin bond performance in different etching modes based on shear bond strength (SBS) tests and surface free energy (SFE) measurements. The five universal adhesives used were Adhese Universal (AU), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CQ), G-Premio Bond (GP), Scotchbond Universal (SU), and Tokuyama Universal Bond (TU). Bovine dentin specimens were divided into four groups of 10 for each adhesive. SBS and SFE were determined after applying the following surface treatments: 1) self-etch (SE) mode with immediate air blowing after adhesive application (IA treatment), 2) SE mode with prolonged application time (PA treatment), 3) etch-and-rinse (ER) mode with IA treatment, and 4) ER mode with PA treatment. Bonded specimens were subjected to SBS testing. The SFE of adhesive-treated dentin surfaces was measured after rinsing with acetone and water. Three-way analysis of variance revealed that dentin SBS values (<0.001) were significantly influenced by the factors of adhesive type and application duration, but the factor of pre-etching was not significant (0.985). The manufacturer's instructions require longer application times for AU and SU, which showed significantly lower SBS values in IA than in PA treatment in both etching modes. However, the difference in the other adhesives was not significant between the IA and PA treatments in either etching mode. The total SFE (γ) was dependent on the adhesive and etching mode. The γ value of the initial group (SiC paper ground group) at baseline was 69.5 (mN·m) and that of the pre-etching group at baseline was 30.6 (mN·m). For all the adhesives, γ in SE mode showed significantly higher values than in ER mode, regardless of the application time. In SE mode, almost all universal adhesives tested showed lower γ values in PA treatment than in IA treatment. For ER mode, all the adhesives showed significantly higher γ values than those of the pre-etching baseline, regardless of the application time. Most adhesives did not show any significant differences in γ values between IA and PA treatments, regardless of etching mode.
我们试图通过剪切强度（SBS）测试和表面自由能（SFE）测量来确定通用粘结剂应用时间对不同蚀刻模式下牙本质粘结性能的影响。使用的五种通用粘结剂分别为 Adhese Universal（AU）、Clearfil Universal Bond Quick（CQ）、G-Premio Bond（GP）、Scotchbond Universal（SU）和 Tokuyama Universal Bond（TU）。牛牙本质标本分为每一种粘结剂 10 个组。在以下表面处理后确定 SBS 和 SFE：1）应用后立即吹气的自酸蚀（SE）模式（IA 处理），2）SE 模式延长应用时间（PA 处理），3）酸蚀-冲洗（ER）模式 IA 处理，4）ER 模式 PA 处理。将粘结标本进行 SBS 测试。用丙酮和水冲洗后测量粘结剂处理牙本质表面的 SFE。三因素方差分析表明，牙本质 SBS 值（<0.001）受粘结剂类型和应用时间的因素显著影响，但预处理因素不显著（0.985）。制造商的说明要求 AU 和 SU 的应用时间更长，这两种粘结剂在 SE 模式下 IA 处理的 SBS 值明显低于 PA 处理。然而，在任何一种蚀刻模式下，其他粘结剂的 IA 和 PA 处理之间的差异并不显著。总 SFE（γ）取决于粘结剂和蚀刻模式。初始组（SiC 砂纸打磨组）的基线γ值为 69.5（mN·m），预处理组的基线γ值为 30.6（mN·m）。对于所有的粘结剂，SE 模式下的γ值明显高于 ER 模式，无论应用时间如何。在 SE 模式下，几乎所有测试的通用粘结剂在 PA 处理时的γ值均低于 IA 处理。对于 ER 模式，所有粘结剂的γ值均明显高于预处理基线，无论应用时间如何。无论蚀刻模式如何，大多数粘结剂在 IA 和 PA 处理之间的γ值没有显著差异。
