Elshafiee Esraa A, Nader Sara M, Dorgham Sohad M, Hamza Dalia A
Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, 12211, Cairo, Egypt.
J Vet Res. 2019 Sep 13;63(3):333-337. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2019-0049. eCollection 2019 Sep.
Carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) has become the leading cause of health care-associated infections. Treatment is difficult due to the lack of an effective antimicrobial therapy, and mortality is high. This study investigated the occurrence of CRPA in farm animals (buffaloes and cattle), livestock drinking water, and humans in Egypt.
A total of 180 samples were examined: 50 faecal each from buffaloes and cattle, 30 of livestock drinking water, and 50 stool from humans. The samples were cultured on cetrimide agar and the plates were incubated aerobically at 37°C for 24 h. The isolates were examined for the presence of the , , and carbapenemase-encoding genes using PCR and investigated for the exotoxin A () gene. The gene from carbapenem- group resistant isolates was phylogenetically analysed.
was isolated from buffaloes, cattle, drinking water, and humans, with occurrences of 40%, 34%, 10%, and 20%, respectively. Carbapenem resistance genes were found in 60%, 59%, 67%, and 70% in buffalo, cattle, water and human samples, respectively. The gene was detected in 80% of samples. The phylogenetic analysis showed that cattle and water sequences were in one cluster and more related to each other than to human isolates.
Occurrence of CRPA among farm animals, drinking water, and humans was high, reflecting the environmental origin of and highlighting contaminated water as a potential transmitter of CRPA to livestock and next to humans.
耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(CRPA)已成为医疗保健相关感染的主要原因。由于缺乏有效的抗菌治疗,治疗困难,死亡率很高。本研究调查了埃及农场动物(水牛和牛)、牲畜饮用水和人类中CRPA的发生情况。
共检测180份样本:水牛和牛的粪便各50份、牲畜饮用水30份、人类粪便50份。样本在溴化十六烷基三甲铵琼脂上培养,平板在37°C有氧条件下孵育24小时。使用PCR检测分离株中blaNDM、blaVIM和blaOXA-48碳青霉烯酶编码基因的存在情况,并检测外毒素A(toxA)基因。对碳青霉烯类耐药分离株的blaNDM基因进行系统发育分析。
从水牛、牛、饮用水和人类中分离出肺炎克雷伯菌,发生率分别为40%、34%、10%和20%。在水牛、牛、水和人类样本中,分别有60%、59%、67%和70%发现了碳青霉烯耐药基因。80%的样本中检测到toxA基因。系统发育分析表明,牛和水的序列在一个聚类中,彼此之间的相关性高于与人类分离株的相关性。
农场动物、饮用水和人类中CRPA的发生率很高,反映了肺炎克雷伯菌的环境来源,并突出了受污染的水作为CRPA传播给牲畜进而传播给人类的潜在媒介。