Caldeira Carla, De Laurentiis Valeria, Corrado Sara, van Holsteijn Freija, Sala Serenella
European Commission-Joint Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
VHK BV, Rotterdamseweg 386 B-18, 2629 HG, Delft, the Netherlands.
Resour Conserv Recycl. 2019 Oct;149:479-488. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.06.011.
In 2015, the United Nations defined the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), which include a target (12.3) on food waste. The target requires "by 2030, to halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and to reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses". The target has increased awareness about the food waste problem and boosted research in food waste quantification. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies that adopt a systematic approach to account for food waste providing disaggregated values per food supply chain stage and per food groups. Such an approach could support policy makers in prioritizing interventions for food waste reduction. To fill this gap, this paper presents a high-level top-down approach to food waste accounting in the European Union. The study aims to support the understanding of the mass flows associated with food production, consumption, and waste, addressing different food groups along the food supply chain. The method for accountin is the mass flow analysis. According to the results, cereals, fruit, and vegetables as the food groups are responsible for the highest amount of food waste, and the consumption stage to be responsible for the largest share of food waste for most food groups. This work highlights the need for further primary research on food waste generation in the EU. Ultimately, this would allow to robustly estimate the food waste generated at EU level, and establishing a more accurate baseline to track the progress towards SDG target 12.3.
2015年，联合国确定了可持续发展目标（SDG），其中包括一项关于食物浪费的具体目标（12.3）。该目标要求“到2030年，将全球零售和消费层面人均食物浪费减半，并减少生产和供应链各环节的食物损失，包括收获后的损失”。这一目标提高了人们对食物浪费问题的认识，并推动了食物浪费量化方面的研究。然而，缺乏采用系统方法来统计食物浪费情况的研究，无法提供每个食物供应链阶段和每个食物类别的细分数据。这样的方法可以帮助政策制定者确定减少食物浪费干预措施的优先次序。为填补这一空白，本文提出了一种用于欧盟食物浪费核算的高层次自上而下的方法。该研究旨在帮助理解与食物生产、消费和浪费相关的物质流，涵盖食物供应链上的不同食物类别。核算方法是物质流分析。根据结果，谷物、水果和蔬菜这几类食物产生的食物浪费量最大，而且在大多数食物类别中，消费阶段产生的食物浪费占比最大。这项工作凸显了在欧盟对食物浪费产生情况进行进一步初步研究的必要性。最终，这将有助于可靠地估计欧盟层面产生的食物浪费量，并建立一个更准确的基线来跟踪实现可持续发展目标12.3的进展情况。
