Association between F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake of noncancerous lung area and acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia in patients with lung cancer after resection.

BACKGROUND

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is defined as a specific form of progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia. Postoperative acute exacerbation is considered a lethal comorbidity for patients with lung cancer, particularly when it is accompanied with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thus, pretherapeutic risk stratification for acute exacerbation has been anticipated. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the maximum standardized uptake value of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose is useful for assessing the postoperative risk of acute exacerbation and severe respiratory adverse events in patients with lung cancer after surgical resection.

METHODS

A total of 822 patients with lung cancer who underwent preoperative high-resolution computed tomography, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography, and pulmonary resection between July 2012 and July 2018 were assessed. Maximum standardized uptake value of the main tumor and that of the noncancerous lung area were measured using a 3-dimensional workstation. Multivariable analyses for acute exacerbation and severe respiratory adverse events were performed using the logistic regression model.

RESULTS

Among all patients, 120 (14.6%) had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis findings on high-resolution computed tomography whereas severe respiratory adverse events were observed in 35 (4.2%) patients, including those with acute exacerbation (n = 15, 1.8%). Maximum standardized uptake value of the main tumor and that of the noncancerous lung area were independently associated with both acute exacerbation and severe respiratory adverse events on multivariable analysis, both in all patients and in the 120 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Risk stratification analysis showed that 19.0% and 30.2% of patients who were positive for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis on high-resolution computed tomography and with a maximum standardized uptake value of the main tumor and that of the noncancerous lung area 1.69 or greater (the optimal cutoff value relevant to acute exacerbation) experienced acute exacerbation and severe respiratory adverse events, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Maximum standardized uptake value of the main tumor and that of the noncancerous lung area were independently associated with the incidence of postoperative acute exacerbation and severe respiratory adverse events in patients with lung cancer.