School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Carbohydr Polym. 2020 Jan 1;227:115066. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115066. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
To promote the large-scale production of starch-based biomaterials, we developed a method of synthesis based on reactive extrusion that combines the benefits of continuous manufacturing with the use of green chemistry principles. This paper describes the grafting of four different types of starches with acrylamide monomers via free radical copolymerization using twin-screw extrusion technology. The elemental analysis confirmed the success of this method, with an average monomer conversion of 80% and grafting efficiency of ˜74% across all samples. The C-NMR/H-NMR and ATR-FTIR analysis revealed that the type of starch substrate used strongly influenced the mechanism of the grafting reaction. Thermal analysis (TG/DTG-DSC) indicated that the graft-copolymers thermal stability was influenced by the amylose-amylopectin content ratio. Swelling tests suggested that cationic modification of the substrate is a promising approach to produce stimuli-responsive graft-copolymers via reactive extrusion. The proposed method has proved to be a viable alternative for the production of starch-copolymers.
为了促进淀粉基生物材料的大规模生产，我们开发了一种基于反应挤出的合成方法，该方法将连续制造的优势与绿色化学原理结合在一起。本文描述了通过双螺杆挤出技术，使用自由基共聚反应，将四种不同类型的淀粉与丙烯酰胺单体接枝。元素分析证实了这种方法的成功，所有样品的单体转化率平均为 80%，接枝效率约为 74%。C-NMR/H-NMR 和 ATR-FTIR 分析表明，所使用的淀粉底物类型强烈影响接枝反应的机制。热分析（TG/DTG-DSC）表明，接枝共聚物的热稳定性受直链淀粉-支链淀粉含量比的影响。溶胀试验表明，底物的阳离子改性是通过反应挤出生产对刺激有响应的接枝共聚物的一种很有前途的方法。所提出的方法已被证明是生产淀粉共聚物的一种可行的替代方法。
