Productive and Resilient Farms, Forests and Landscapes, Bioversity International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Productive and Resilient Farms, Forests and Landscapes, Bioversity International, Kampala, Uganda.
J Sci Food Agric. 2020 Jan 30;100(2):634-647. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10058. Epub 2019 Nov 25.
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Unlike in developed countries, where the main source of vitamin A comes from meat, the diet of poor populations in SSA is largely plant based. It is thus important to identify local / popular plants with higher vitamin A content for combating VAD. Banana (including plantains) is an important staple food crop in this region. The identification and promotion of vitamin A-rich banana cultivars could contribute significantly to the alleviation of VAD in areas heavily dependent on the crop. We assessed pro-vitamin A carotenoid (pVACs) content in the fruit pulp of 48 local plantains from eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, to identify cultivars that could help reduce VAD, especially among young children and women of reproductive age.
Mean pVACs content varied from 175-1756 μg/100 gfw in ripe fruits. Significant increases (P < 0.001) in total pVACs content occurred after ripening in all cultivars except 'UCG II'. Retinol activity equivalents (RAE) in ripe fruits ranged from 12-113 μg/100 gfw. Fifteen plantain cultivars, including 'Adili II', 'Nzirabahima', 'Mayayi', 'Buembe', and 'Sanza Tatu' (associated with RAE values of 44 μg/100 gfw and above) can be considered as good sources of pVACs. Modest consumption (250 or 500 gfw) of the fruit pulp of the five best plantain cultivars at ripening stage 5 meets between 39-71% and 44-81% of vitamin A dietary reference intake (DRI) respectively, for children below 5 years old and women of reproductive age.
The 15 best plantain cultivars (especially the top 5) could potentially be introduced / promoted as alternative sources of pro-vitamin A in banana-dependent communities, and help to reduce cases of VAD substantially. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
维生素 A 缺乏症（VAD）在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）广泛存在。与发达国家不同，发达国家维生素 A 的主要来源是肉类，而 SSA 贫困人群的饮食主要以植物为主。因此，确定具有较高维生素 A 含量的本地/流行植物对于防治 VAD 非常重要。香蕉（包括大蕉）是该地区的重要主食作物。鉴定和推广富含维生素 A 的香蕉品种，可以为缓解严重依赖该作物地区的 VAD 做出重大贡献。我们评估了来自刚果民主共和国东部的 48 种本地大蕉的果肉中类胡萝卜素（pVACs）的含量，以确定可以帮助减少 VAD 的品种，尤其是在幼儿和育龄妇女中。
成熟果实中 pVACs 的含量平均值在 175-1756μg/100gfw 之间。除“UCG II”外，所有品种的总 pVACs 含量在成熟后均显著增加（P<0.001）。成熟果实中的视黄醇当量（RAE）范围为 12-113μg/100gfw。包括“Adili II”、“Nzirabahima”、“Mayayi”、“Buembe”和“Sanza Tatu”在内的 15 种大蕉品种（与 RAE 值为 44μg/100gfw 及以上相关）可被视为 pVACs 的良好来源。在成熟阶段 5 适度食用（250 或 500gfw）这 5 种最佳大蕉品种的果肉，分别可满足 5 岁以下儿童和育龄妇女维生素 A 膳食参考摄入量（DRI）的 39-71%和 44-81%。
这 15 种最佳大蕉品种（尤其是前 5 种）可能作为依赖香蕉社区中维生素 A 的替代来源被引入/推广，并有助于大幅减少 VAD 病例。© 2019 作者。《食品科学杂志》由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 出版，代表化学工业协会。
