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一项在人源巨噬细胞中的全基因组敲除筛选鉴定了调控感染的宿主因子。

A Genome-Wide Knockout Screen in Human Macrophages Identified Host Factors Modulating Infection.

机构信息

Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom.

DGIST, Department of New Biology, Daegu, Republic of Korea.

出版信息

mBio. 2019 Oct 8;10(5):e02169-19. doi: 10.1128/mBio.02169-19.

Abstract

A genome-scale CRISPR knockout library screen of THP-1 human macrophages was performed to identify loss-of-function mutations conferring resistance to uptake. The screen identified 183 candidate genes, from which 14 representative genes involved in actin dynamics (, , , , , , and ), glycosaminoglycan metabolism (), receptor signaling ( and ), lipid raft formation (), calcium transport ( and ), and cholesterol metabolism () were analyzed further. For some of these pathways, known chemical inhibitors could replicate the resistance phenotype, indicating their potential as targets for host-directed therapy. The screen indicated a role for the relatively uncharacterized gene in both invasion and macrophage differentiation. Upon differentiation, mutant macrophages were hyperinflammatory and did not exhibit characteristics typical of macrophages, including atypical morphology and inability to interact and phagocytose bacteria/particles. Immunoprecipitation confirmed an interaction of NHLRC2 with FRYL, EIF2AK2, and KLHL13. exploits macrophages to gain access to the lymphatic system and bloodstream to lead to local and potentially systemic infections. With an increasing number of antibiotic-resistant isolates identified in humans, infections have become major threats to public health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify alternative approaches to anti-infective therapy, including host-directed therapies. In this study, we used a simple genome-wide screen to identify 183 candidate host factors in macrophages that can confer resistance to infection. These factors may be potential therapeutic targets against infections.

摘要

THP-1 人巨噬细胞的全基因组 CRISPR 敲除文库筛选,以鉴定赋予对摄取抗性的功能丧失突变。该筛选鉴定了 183 个候选基因,其中 14 个代表性基因涉及肌动蛋白动力学(、、、、、和)、糖胺聚糖代谢()、受体信号(和)、脂筏形成()、钙转运(和)和胆固醇代谢()进一步分析。对于其中一些途径,已知的化学抑制剂可以复制对的抗性表型,表明它们可能是宿主定向治疗的潜在靶点。该筛选表明相对未被表征的基因在入侵和巨噬细胞分化中都有作用。在分化过程中,突变的巨噬细胞过度炎症,并且不表现出典型的巨噬细胞特征,包括非典型形态和无法与细菌/颗粒相互作用和吞噬。免疫沉淀证实 NHLRC2 与 FRYL、EIF2AK2 和 KLHL13 相互作用。利用巨噬细胞进入淋巴管和血液系统,导致局部和潜在的全身感染。随着越来越多的耐抗生素分离株在人类中被发现,感染已成为公共卫生的主要威胁。因此,迫切需要确定替代抗感染治疗方法,包括宿主定向治疗。在这项研究中,我们使用简单的全基因组筛选鉴定了巨噬细胞中 183 个赋予对感染抗性的候选宿主因子。这些因子可能是针对感染的潜在治疗靶点。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3a1c/6786873/b3705e89bea3/mBio.02169-19-f0001.jpg

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