Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Drug Safety Research Unit, Southampton, UK.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2020;46(2):203-215. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1671436. Epub 2019 Oct 11.
: Prescription opioid non-medical use (NMU) and its associated consequences have been of concern in the US in recent years.: We examined peer influence and parental guidance, in addition to peer and parental sources of alcohol, on patterns of prescription opioid use, including NMU, among males and females separately. We hypothesized that peer influence and parental guidance would have a differential influence for males and females.: The National Monitoring of Adolescent Prescription Stimulants Study (N-MAPSS) recruited youth 10-18 years from 10 US cities between 2008 and 2011 (n = 11,048). The cross-sectional survey included questions on past 30-day prescription opioid use (10,965 provided responses), with NMU defined as non-oral use and/or use of someone else's opioids. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted, examining medical use only and NMU in the past 30 days.: Among the 10,965 youth, 3.1% (n = 345) reported past 30-day NMU. Obtaining alcohol from parents was associated with increased odds of past 30-day NMU among males (OR = 2.49, 95%CI: 1.54,4.03) only. For each additional close friend who used other substances, odds of past 30-day NMU increased among males (OR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.11,1.37) and females (OR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.04,1.27). Increased number of close friends was associated with decreased odds of past 30-day NMU among males (OR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.78,0.97) and females (OR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.77,0.96).: Peer and parental risk factors for prescription opioid NMU were identified among youth, although not all differed by sex. An increased number of close friends was a protective factor against prescription opioid NMU for both males and females.
: 近年来，美国一直关注处方类阿片类药物的非医疗用途（NMU）及其相关后果。: 我们分别研究了同伴影响和父母指导，以及同伴和父母的酒精来源，对男性和女性的处方类阿片类药物使用模式的影响，包括 NMU。我们假设同伴影响和父母指导对男性和女性的影响会有所不同。: 全国青少年处方兴奋剂监测研究（N-MAPSS）于 2008 年至 2011 年期间从美国 10 个城市招募了 10-18 岁的青少年（n = 11048）。这项横断面调查包括过去 30 天内处方类阿片类药物使用情况的问题（10965 人提供了回复），其中 NMU 被定义为非口服使用和/或使用他人的阿片类药物。采用多变量逻辑回归分析，仅考察过去 30 天内的医疗使用和 NMU 情况。: 在 10965 名青少年中，有 3.1%（n = 345）报告过去 30 天内有 NMU 情况。仅男性从父母处获得酒精的可能性与过去 30 天内 NMU 的可能性增加有关（OR = 2.49，95%CI：1.54，4.03）。每个增加的使用其他物质的亲密朋友，男性（OR = 1.23，95%CI：1.11，1.37）和女性（OR = 1.15，95%CI：1.04，1.27）过去 30 天内 NMU 的可能性增加。亲密朋友数量的增加与男性（OR = 0.87，95%CI：0.78，0.97）和女性（OR = 0.86，95%CI：0.77，0.96）过去 30 天内 NMU 的可能性降低有关。: 已经确定了青少年处方类阿片类药物 NMU 的同伴和父母风险因素，但并非所有因素都因性别而异。对于男性和女性来说，更多的亲密朋友是预防处方类阿片类药物 NMU 的保护因素。
