Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, PR China; Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, PR China.
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, PR China; Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2019;147:323-360. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2019.07.005. Epub 2019 Aug 6.
Exercise training improves mental and cognitive functions by enhancing neurogenesis and neuroprotection. Recent studies suggest the facilitation of spinogenesis across different brain regions including hippocampus and cerebral cortex by physical activity. In this article we will summarize major findings for exercise effects on synaptogenesis and spinogenesis, in order to provide mechanisms for exercise intervention of both psychiatric diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. We will also revisit major findings for molecular mechanism governing exercise-related spinogenesis, and will discuss the screening for novel factors, or exerkines, whose levels are correlated with endurance training and affect neural plasticity. We believe that further studies focusing on the molecular mechanism of exercise-mediate spinogenesis should benefit the optimization of exercise therapy in clinics and the evaluation of treatment efficiency using specific biomarkers.
锻炼训练通过增强神经发生和神经保护来改善心理和认知功能。最近的研究表明，体育活动可以促进包括海马体和大脑皮层在内的不同脑区的 spinogenesis。在本文中，我们将总结锻炼对突触发生和 spinogenesis 的影响的主要发现，以提供运动干预精神病和神经退行性疾病的机制。我们还将重新审视控制与运动相关的 spinogenesis 的分子机制的主要发现，并讨论筛选与耐力训练相关的新型因子或 exerkines，其水平与耐力训练相关，影响神经可塑性。我们相信，进一步研究锻炼介导的 spinogenesis 的分子机制，将有利于优化临床运动疗法，并使用特定的生物标志物评估治疗效果。
