Begum Naheeda, Qin Cheng, Ahanger Muhammad Abass, Raza Sajjad, Khan Muhammad Ishfaq, Ashraf Muhammad, Ahmed Nadeem, Zhang Lixin
College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2019 Sep 19;10:1068. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01068. eCollection 2019.
Abiotic stresses hamper plant growth and productivity. Climate change and agricultural malpractices like excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides have aggravated the effects of abiotic stresses on crop productivity and degraded the ecosystem. There is an urgent need for environment-friendly management techniques such as the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for enhancing crop productivity. AMF are commonly known as bio-fertilizers. Moreover, it is widely believed that the inoculation of AMF provides tolerance to host plants against various stressful situations like heat, salinity, drought, metals, and extreme temperatures. AMF may both assist host plants in the up-regulation of tolerance mechanisms and prevent the down-regulation of key metabolic pathways. AMF, being natural root symbionts, provide essential plant inorganic nutrients to host plants, thereby improving growth and yield under unstressed and stressed regimes. The role of AMF as a bio-fertilizer can potentially strengthen plants' adaptability to changing environment. Thus, further research focusing on the AMF-mediated promotion of crop quality and productivity is needed. The present review provides a comprehensive up-to-date knowledge on AMF and their influence on host plants at various growth stages, their advantages and applications, and consequently the importance of the relationships of different plant nutrients with AMF.
非生物胁迫阻碍植物生长和生产力。气候变化以及过度使用化肥和农药等农业不当做法加剧了非生物胁迫对作物生产力的影响，并使生态系统退化。迫切需要环境友好型管理技术，例如使用丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）来提高作物生产力。AMF通常被称为生物肥料。此外，人们普遍认为接种AMF能使寄主植物耐受各种胁迫情况，如高温、盐度、干旱、金属和极端温度。AMF既可以帮助寄主植物上调耐受机制，又可以防止关键代谢途径的下调。作为天然的根系共生体，AMF为寄主植物提供必需的植物无机养分，从而在非胁迫和胁迫条件下提高生长和产量。AMF作为生物肥料的作用可能会增强植物对不断变化的环境的适应性。因此，需要进一步开展侧重于AMF介导的作物品质和生产力提升的研究。本综述提供了关于AMF及其在不同生长阶段对寄主植物的影响、其优势和应用的全面最新知识，以及不同植物养分与AMF关系的重要性。
