金氏测试在全美大学生体育协会运动员中的可靠性：全美大学生体育协会-国防部脑震荡评估、研究和教育报告。
King-Devick Test Reliability in National Collegiate Athletic Association Athletes: A National Collegiate Athletic Association-Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research and Education Report.
机构信息
Center for Clinical Spectroscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Department of Kinesiology and Recreation Administration, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA.
出版信息
J Athl Train. 2019 Dec;54(12):1241-1246. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-219-18. Epub 2019 Oct 16.
CONTEXT
The King-Devick (KD) test has received considerable attention in the literature as an emerging concussion assessment. However, important test psychometric properties remain to be addressed in large-scale independent studies.
OBJECTIVE
To assess (1) test-retest reliability between trials, (2) test-retest reliability between years 1 and 2, and (3) reliability of the 2 administration modes.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING
Collegiate athletic training facilities.
PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS
A total of 3248 intercollegiate student-athletes participated in year 1 (male = 55.3%, age = 20.2 ± 2.3 years, height = 1.78 ± 0.11 m, weight = 80.7 ± 21.0 kg) and 833 participated in both years.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Time, in seconds, to complete the KD error free. The KD test reliability was assessed between trials and between annual tests over 2 years and stratified by test modality (spiral-bound cards [n = 566] and tablet [n = 264]).
RESULTS
The KD test was reliable between trials (trial 1 = 43.2 ± 8.3 seconds, trial 2 = 40.8 ± 7.8 seconds; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] (2,1) = 0.888, < .001), between years (year 1 = 40.8 ± 7.4 seconds, year 2 = 38.7 ± 7.7 seconds; ICC [2,1] = 0.827, < .001), and for both spiral-bound cards (ICC [2,1] = 0.834, < .001) and tablets (ICC [2,1] = 0.827, < .001). The mean change between trials for a single test was -2.4 ± 3.8 seconds. Although most athletes improved from year 1 to year 2, 27.1% (226 of 883) of participants demonstrated worse (slower) KD times (3.2 ± 3.9 seconds) in year 2.
CONCLUSIONS
The KD test was reliable between trials and years and when stratified by modality. A small improvement of 2 seconds was identified with annual retesting, likely due to a practice effect; however, 27% of athletes displayed slowed performance from year 1 to year 2. These results suggest that the KD assessment was a reliable test with modest learning effects over time and that the assessment modality did not adversely affect baseline reliability.
背景
在文献中，King-Devick（KD）测试作为一种新兴的脑震荡评估方法受到了相当多的关注。然而，在大规模独立研究中，仍需要确定重要的测试心理测量学特性。
目的
评估（1）试验之间的测试-再测试可靠性，（2）第 1 年和第 2 年之间的测试-再测试可靠性，以及（3）两种给药模式的可靠性。
设计
横断面研究。
地点
大学生体育训练设施。
患者或其他参与者
共有 3248 名大学生运动员参加了第 1 年（男性=55.3%，年龄=20.2±2.3 岁，身高=1.78±0.11m，体重=80.7±21.0kg），833 名运动员参加了第 2 年。
主要观察指标
完成 KD 测试无错误的时间，单位为秒。KD 测试的可靠性通过两年间的试验间和年度测试间进行评估，并按测试方式（螺旋装订卡[ n =566]和平板电脑[ n =264]）进行分层。
结果
KD 测试在试验间（试验 1=43.2±8.3 秒，试验 2=40.8±7.8 秒；组内相关系数[2,1]为 0.888，<.001）、年度间（第 1 年=40.8±7.4 秒，第 2 年=38.7±7.7 秒；[2,1]组内相关系数为 0.827，<.001）和螺旋装订卡（[2,1]组内相关系数为 0.834，<.001）和平板电脑（[2,1]组内相关系数为 0.827，<.001）都具有可靠性。单个测试的两次试验之间的平均差值为-2.4±3.8 秒。尽管大多数运动员从第 1 年到第 2 年都有所提高，但 27.1%（883 名中的 226 名）的参与者在第 2 年的 KD 时间（3.2±3.9 秒）更慢（较慢）。
结论
KD 测试在试验和年度之间以及按模式分层时具有可靠性。每年进行一次重新测试，发现的改善幅度仅为 2 秒，这可能是由于练习效应所致；然而，27%的运动员从第 1 年到第 2 年的表现有所下降。这些结果表明，KD 评估是一种可靠的测试，随着时间的推移具有适度的学习效果，并且评估方式不会对基线可靠性产生不利影响。
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