Saberian Peyman, Farhoud Amir Reza, Hasani-Sharamin Parisa, Moghaddami Maryam, Keshvari Fatemeh
Pre-Hospital and Hospital Emergency Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Anesthesiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Adv J Emerg Med. 2019 Jun 25;3(4):e40. doi: 10.22114/ajem.v0i0.198. eCollection 2019 Fall.
Knowledge of epidemiological aspects can be a useful guide in determining the resources for better prevention and management of injuries. There are some performed studies on this topic in Iran, based on the limited hospital database. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is not any survey based on the pre-hospital database.
The purpose of this study was to assess baseline characteristics of the traumatic patients according to the records of Tehran Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Center to present descriptive statistics of their epidemiological features.
This cross-sectional study was conducted retrospectively, using Tehran EMS center data registry. All traumatic patients examined by EMS in Tehran, Iran following call to emergency medical dispatcher were included. By reviewing the EMS technicians' mission forms, required data were extracted. The mission form contains information such as age, sex, injured location, damage mechanism, accident location (home, workplace, street), time of call, the outcome of the patient's ambulance mission and the results of the assessment of the technician, etc.
Totally, 56612 injured cases with the mean age of 33.1±15.6 years were examined by EMS during one-year study period of whom 80.4% were male. Crude Incidence Rate was 10.5 and 2.5 per 1000 in male and female, respectively. Traffic accident and then fall were the two most prevalent mechanism of injuries. All types of injuries were significantly more prevalent in males (P<0.001). Most injuries were in winter season with 15570 cases (27.5%). Car accident was prevalent in winter and other injuries were significantly prevalent in spring (P<0.001). The most frequent places of injuries occurred on main roads and streets (55.7%). All of the road-related injuries was prevalent in winter, whereas injuries in other places were prevalent in spring (P<0.001). Most of the cases (78.3%) were transferred to the health centers, but 20.7% did not consent to treatment and transmission. Only 222 cases (0.4%) died, that 95% was due to traffic accident. there was a significant relationship between the number of injured organs and the death; So that the highest death rate occurred for those with more than 5 injured organs (P <0.001).
Based on the findings, traffic accident was the most frequent cause of trauma that led to visiting a traumatic patient by an EMS technician in Tehran, Iran. Injuries in all age groups were more prevalent in males, and the involvement of 5 or more injured organ had a significant relationship with mortality.
了解流行病学方面的知识有助于指导确定更好地预防和管理伤害所需的资源。伊朗基于有限的医院数据库对该主题进行了一些研究。然而，据我们所知，尚无基于院前数据库的调查。
本研究旨在根据德黑兰紧急医疗服务（EMS）中心的记录评估创伤患者的基线特征，以呈现其流行病学特征的描述性统计数据。
本横断面研究采用德黑兰EMS中心数据登记册进行回顾性研究。纳入了伊朗德黑兰所有拨打紧急医疗调度员电话后由EMS检查的创伤患者。通过查阅EMS技术人员的任务表单，提取所需数据。任务表单包含年龄、性别、受伤部位、损伤机制、事故地点（家中、工作场所、街道）、呼叫时间、患者救护车任务结果以及技术人员评估结果等信息。
在为期一年的研究期间，EMS共检查了56612例受伤病例，平均年龄为33.1±15.6岁，其中80.4%为男性。男性和女性的粗发病率分别为每1000人10.5例和2.5例。交通事故和跌倒分别是最常见的两种损伤机制。所有类型的损伤在男性中更为普遍（P<0.001）。大多数损伤发生在冬季，有15570例（27.5%）。汽车事故在冬季最为常见，其他损伤在春季显著更为常见（P<0.001）。最常见的受伤地点是主要道路和街道（55.7%）。所有与道路相关的损伤在冬季最为普遍，而其他地点的损伤在春季最为普遍（P<0.001）。大多数病例（78.3%）被转至医疗中心，但20.7%不同意治疗和转运。仅222例（0.4%）死亡，其中95%死于交通事故。受伤器官数量与死亡之间存在显著关系；因此，受伤器官超过5个的患者死亡率最高（P<0.001）。
基于研究结果，交通事故是导致伊朗德黑兰EMS技术人员接诊创伤患者的最常见创伤原因。所有年龄组的损伤在男性中更为普遍，且5个或更多受伤器官与死亡率存在显著关系。
