Morphometric characterization of the very young child mandibular growth pattern: What happen before and after the deciduous dentition development?

OBJECTIVES

Numerous tools have been developed to characterize the morphometry of 3D models. The aim of this study was to apply these techniques to better understand the morphometric growth pattern of healthy children's mandibles.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The study sample was composed of 480 very young children aged from 36 gestational weeks to 7 years old. The sample was divided into three subsamples according to the development stages of their deciduous dentition. Several biometric data were collected on 3D mandibular models.

RESULTS

There was homothetic growth during the first years of life. Once all deciduous teeth were fully erupted, the mandibular corpus warped more independently of the ramus, and the inter-individual variability was more pronounced. Throughout the growth period, several subgroups could be identified, highlighting the morphological growth pattern of the mandible.

CONCLUSIONS

A particular morphogenesis of the mandible during the growth period was observed, which was correlated with deciduous dentition development. In younger individuals, this morphological pattern was mainly characterized by the progressive closure of the chin symphysis and ramus growth. The tongue movements in the oral space, depending on whether the child was bottle- or breast-fed, may explain this result. As the children grew older, the mandible widened to create sufficient space for the developing teeth buds. During the eruption of deciduous dentition, the mandible took on various morphologies, which was likely based on the child's sex and diet. Therefore, we assume that this mandibular morphogenesis is induced by the functional strains affecting the mandible during deciduous teeth development.