Kreutz Tainá, de Matos Sheila Porto, Koester Letícia Scherer
Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, Santana, 2752, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2019;13(3):203-218. doi: 10.2174/1872211313666191030155837.
The human nail is a unique barrier with a keratinized constitution that favors protection and fine touch. However, many disorders can affect the nail, among them, are the onychomycosis and psoriasis. Systemic oral therapy has been applied to treat these diseases, even presenting disadvantages, including side effects, drug interactions, contraindications, toxicity, high cost and low patient compliance. A great option to succeed in dealing with the problems associated with oral therapy is the topical administration of drugs. However, nail composition, low diffusion through ungual route and reduced tissue bioavailability for topical treatments are limiting factors. These drawbacks can be overcome by promoting penetration through the nails by employing penetration enhancers. The review focuses on patents that highlight permeation enhancers applied to nail drug delivery for the treatment of onychomycosis and psoriasis. Literature and patent searches were conduced regarding the topic of interest. The substantial literature and patent search revealed that permeation enhancers, especially chemicals, are great strategies for promoting the ungual delivery of drugs. Nail topical therapy containing permeation enhancers is an attractive option for delivering localized treatments.
人类指甲是一种独特的屏障，具有角质化结构，有利于保护和精细触觉。然而，许多疾病会影响指甲，其中包括甲癣和银屑病。全身口服疗法已被用于治疗这些疾病，甚至存在缺点，包括副作用、药物相互作用、禁忌症、毒性、高成本和患者依从性低。成功解决与口服疗法相关问题的一个好选择是局部给药。然而，指甲的组成、通过指甲途径的低扩散率以及局部治疗的组织生物利用度降低是限制因素。通过使用渗透促进剂促进药物透过指甲，可以克服这些缺点。本综述重点关注突出应用于指甲药物递送以治疗甲癣和银屑病的渗透促进剂的专利。针对感兴趣的主题进行了文献和专利检索。大量的文献和专利检索表明，渗透促进剂，尤其是化学物质，是促进药物经指甲递送的有效策略。含有渗透促进剂的指甲局部疗法是提供局部治疗的有吸引力的选择。
