Department of Medicine, Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, PMB 542, Ondo City, Nigeria.
Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, PMB 542, Ondo City, Nigeria.
J Trop Pediatr. 2020 Aug 1;66(4):366-376. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmz075.
Clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors is rapidly becoming prevalent among children and adolescents with grave implications for their cardiovascular health. We set out to determine prevalence and pattern of clustering of risk factors and, identify factors (if any) that determine their clustering.
A cross-sectional study of children (3-9 years) and adolescents (10-17 years) in a rural, agrarian community. Their blood pressure, body mass index and lipids were measured. Data was analyzed with SPSS 20.
A total of 114 (M : F, 1 : 1.1) subjects were studied. The mean age of children and adolescents were 5.6 ± 2.1 and 12.9 ± 2.2 years respectively. The most prevalent cardiometabolic risk factors were elevated non-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c; 39.5%), low HDL-c (33.3%), prehypertension (12.3%) and overweight (9.6%). The prevalence of hypertension was higher among females (11.9% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.024) and adolescents (13.2% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.037). Serum levels of non-HDL-c was higher among adolescents than children (50.9% vs. 29.5%, p = 0.013). At least one risk factor was present in 68.4% of the subjects. Clustering of two and three risk factors were present in 18.4% and 6.1%. The presence of prehypertension (χ2 23.93, p < .001), hypertension (χ2 12.19, p = 0.002), high serum non-HDL-c (χ2 6.336, p = 0.011) and high serum total cholesterol (TC; χ2 8.810, p < 0.001) were associated with clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors.
The burden of cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adolescents is high. Identified determinants of risk factor clustering were prehypertension, hypertension, non-HDL-c and TC.
心血管代谢风险因素的聚类在儿童和青少年中迅速流行，对其心血管健康有着严重的影响。我们旨在确定风险因素聚类的患病率和模式，并确定决定其聚类的因素（如果有的话）。
对农村农业社区的儿童（3-9 岁）和青少年（10-17 岁）进行横断面研究。测量他们的血压、体重指数和血脂。使用 SPSS 20 进行数据分析。
共研究了 114 名（男：女，1:1.1）受试者。儿童和青少年的平均年龄分别为 5.6±2.1 岁和 12.9±2.2 岁。最常见的心血管代谢风险因素是升高的非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c；39.5%）、低 HDL-c（33.3%）、高血压前期（12.3%）和超重（9.6%）。女性（11.9%对 1.8%，p=0.024）和青少年（13.2%对 1.6%，p=0.037）中高血压的患病率更高。青少年的非 HDL-c 血清水平高于儿童（50.9%对 29.5%，p=0.013）。68.4%的受试者至少存在一种风险因素。两种和三种风险因素的聚类分别为 18.4%和 6.1%。高血压前期（χ2=23.93，p<0.001）、高血压（χ2=12.19，p=0.002）、高血清非 HDL-c（χ2=6.336，p=0.011）和高血清总胆固醇（TC；χ2=8.810，p<0.001）的存在与心血管代谢风险因素的聚类相关。
儿童和青少年心血管代谢风险因素的负担很高。确定风险因素聚类的决定因素是高血压前期、高血压、非 HDL-c 和 TC。
