Huai Wei, Ma Qing-Bian, Zheng Jia-Jia, Zhao Yang, Zhai Qiang-Rong
Emergency Department, Third Clinical Medical College, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Laboratory Department, Third Clinical Medical College, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
World J Clin Cases. 2019 Oct 26;7(20):3175-3184. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i20.3175.
Antibiotic resistance has become a global threat for human health, calling for rational use of antibiotics.
To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of the bacteria, providing the prerequisite for use of antibiotics in emergency patients.
A total of 2048 emergency patients from 2013 to 2017 were enrolled. Their clinical examination specimens were collected, followed by isolation of bacteria. The bacterial identification and drug susceptibility testing were carried out.
A total of 3387 pathogens were isolated. The top six pathogens were (660 strains), (436 strains), (347 strains), (338 strains), (237 strains), and (207 strains). The isolation rates of these pathogens decreased year by year except , which increased from 7.1% to 12.1%. is a widely-resistant strain, with multiple resistances to imipenem, ciprofloxacin, minocycline and tigecycline. The had high resistance rates to levofloxacin, penicillin G, and tetracycline. But the susceptibility of it to vancomycin and tigecycline were 100%. had high resistance rates to imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin, with the lowest resistance rate to tigecycline. The resistance rates of to cefoperazone/sulbactam and imipenem were higher, with the resistance rate to amikacin below 10%. Besides, had high resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam and low resistance rates to imipenem, amikacin, and tigecycline.
The pathogenic bacteria isolated from the emergency patients were mainly , , , , , and . The detection rates of drug-resistant bacteria were high, with different bacteria having multiple drug resistances to commonly used antimicrobial agents, guiding the rational use of drugs and reducing the production of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
抗生素耐药性已成为全球人类健康的威胁，呼吁合理使用抗生素。
分析细菌的分布及耐药情况，为急诊患者使用抗生素提供前提条件。
纳入2013年至2017年共2048例急诊患者。采集其临床检查标本，随后分离细菌。进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验。
共分离出3387株病原菌。前六大病原菌分别为（660株）、（436株）、（347株）、（338株）、（237株）和（207株）。除从7.1%增至12.1%外，这些病原菌的分离率逐年下降。是一种广泛耐药菌株，对亚胺培南、环丙沙星、米诺环素和替加环素多重耐药。对左氧氟沙星、青霉素G和四环素耐药率高。但其对万古霉素和替加环素的敏感性为100%。对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、阿米卡星和环丙沙星耐药率高，对替加环素耐药率最低。对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和亚胺培南的耐药率较高，对阿米卡星的耐药率低于10%。此外，对环丙沙星和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦耐药率高，对亚胺培南、阿米卡星和替加环素耐药率低。
从急诊患者中分离出的病原菌主要为、、、、、。耐药菌检出率高，不同细菌对常用抗菌药物多重耐药，指导合理用药并减少多重耐药菌的产生。
