Wang Liancong, Tawiah Benjamin, Shi Yongqian, Cai Suncheng, Rao Xiaohui, Liu Chuan, Yang Ye, Yang Fuqiang, Yu Bin, Liang Yuntao, Fu Libi
State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China.
State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Safety Technology, CCTEG Shenyang Research Institute, Fushun 113122, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2019 Oct 29;11(11):1776. doi: 10.3390/polym11111776.
The extemporaneous combustion of coal remains a major threat to safety in coal mines because such fire accidents result in casualties and significant property loss, as well as serious environmental pollution. This work proposed the fabrication of flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) containing expandable graphite as char expander/sealant with melamine phosphosphate and 2-carboxyethyl (phenyl)phosphinic acid as char inducer and radical trapping agents. The as-prepared RPUF successfully inhibited coal combustion by forming thermally stable high graphitic content expandable intumescent char sealing over the coal. The RPUF achieved UL-94 V-0 rating in addition to significant reductions in peak heat release, total heat release, and CO and CO yields. The external and the internal residual char structure was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectra, Raman spectroscopy, and real-time Fourier transform infrared spectra techniques, and a flame-retardant mode of action has been proposed. This work provides important insight into a facile fabrication of highly efficient and economical flame-retardant RPUF to inhibit the spontaneous combustion of coal.
煤的自燃仍然是煤矿安全的主要威胁，因为此类火灾事故会导致人员伤亡、重大财产损失以及严重的环境污染。本研究提出制备一种阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫（RPUF），其中含有可膨胀石墨作为成炭膨胀剂/密封剂，三聚氰胺磷酸盐和2-羧乙基（苯基）次膦酸作为成炭诱导剂和自由基捕获剂。所制备的RPUF通过在煤表面形成热稳定的高石墨含量可膨胀膨胀炭层，成功抑制了煤的燃烧。该RPUF除了显著降低热释放峰值、总热释放量以及一氧化碳和二氧化碳产量外，还达到了UL-94 V-0等级。通过X射线光电子能谱、拉曼光谱和实时傅里叶变换红外光谱技术研究了外部和内部的残余炭结构，并提出了阻燃作用模式。这项工作为简便制备高效且经济的阻燃RPUF以抑制煤的自燃提供了重要的见解。
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