Zemła Marcin, Michałowski Sławomir, Prociak Aleksander
Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Nov 17;16(22):7217. doi: 10.3390/ma16227217.
In this study, rigid polyurethane foams modified with non-halogenated flame retardant were obtained. The foams were synthesized using two systems containing different blowing agents. In the first one, cyclopentane and water were used as a mixture of blowing agents, and in the second one, only water was used as a chemical blowing agent. The systems were modified with the additive phosphorus flame retardant Roflam F5. The obtained modified foams were tested for their flammability and basic properties, such as apparent density, closed-cell contents and analyses of the cell structures, thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, and water absorption. Increasing the content of Roflam F5 caused a decrease in temperature during the combustion of the material and extended the burning time. The addition of 1.0 wt.% phosphorus derived from Roflam F5 caused the modified rigid polyurethane foam to become a self-extinguishing material. The increase in the content of Roflam F5 caused a decrease in the total heat release and the maximum heat release rate during the pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry. The foams with the highest content of flame retardant and foamed with a chemical-physical and chemical blowing agent had a lower total heat release by 19% and 11%, respectively, compared to reference foams.
在本研究中，制备了用无卤阻燃剂改性的硬质聚氨酯泡沫。使用含有不同发泡剂的两种体系合成泡沫。在第一种体系中，环戊烷和水用作发泡剂混合物，在第二种体系中，仅水用作化学发泡剂。这些体系用添加剂磷阻燃剂Roflam F5进行改性。对所得改性泡沫进行了燃烧性能和基本性能测试，如表观密度、闭孔含量和泡孔结构分析、热导率、力学性能和吸水性。增加Roflam F5的含量会导致材料燃烧过程中的温度降低，并延长燃烧时间。添加1.0 wt.%源自Roflam F5的磷会使改性硬质聚氨酯泡沫成为自熄性材料。在热解燃烧流动量热法中，增加Roflam F5的含量会导致总热释放和最大热释放速率降低。与参比泡沫相比，阻燃剂含量最高且分别用化学-物理和化学发泡剂发泡的泡沫的总热释放分别降低了19%和11%。
