Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, Finland.
Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, Finland.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2019 Oct;146(4):2501. doi: 10.1121/1.5129121.
In the production of voiced speech, glottal flow skewing refers to the tilting of the glottal flow pulses to the right, often characterized as a delay of the peak, compared to the glottal area. In the past four decades, several studies have addressed this phenomenon using modeling of voice production with analog circuits and computer simulations. However, previous studies measuring flow skewing in natural production of speech are sparse and they contain little quantitative data about the degree of skewing between flow and area. In the current study, flow skewing was measured from the natural production of 40 vowel utterances produced by 10 speakers. Glottal flow was measured from speech using glottal inverse filtering and glottal area was captured with high-speed videoendoscopy. The estimated glottal flow and area waveforms were parameterized with four robust parameters that measure pulse skewness quantitatively. Statistical tests obtained for all four parameters showed that the flow pulse was significantly more skewed to the right than the area pulse. Hence, this study corroborates the existence of flow skewing using measurements from natural speech production. In addition, the study yields quantitative data about pulse skewness in simultaneous measured glottal flow and area in natural production of speech.
在发声语音的产生过程中，声门波倾斜是指与声门面积相比，声门波脉冲向右倾斜，通常表现为峰值的延迟。在过去的四十年中，已有几项研究使用模拟电路和计算机模拟来模拟语音产生，以解决这一现象。然而，之前关于在自然语音产生中测量流量倾斜的研究很少，并且关于流量和面积之间的倾斜程度的定量数据很少。在当前的研究中，从 10 位说话者发出的 40 个元音的自然产生中测量了流量倾斜。使用声门逆滤波从语音中测量声门流，并用高速视频内窥镜捕获声门面积。使用四个稳健参数对估计的声门流和面积波形进行参数化，这些参数定量地测量脉冲倾斜度。对所有四个参数进行的统计检验表明，与声门面积脉冲相比，声门流脉冲向右倾斜的程度明显更大。因此，本研究使用自然语音产生中的测量结果证实了流量倾斜的存在。此外，该研究还产生了关于自然语音产生中同时测量的声门流和面积的脉冲倾斜度的定量数据。
