Dunn F L
Bull World Health Organ. 1979;57(4):499-512.
Human behaviour has been largely neglected in research on the parasitic diseases, in part because of the long-standing separation of the behavioural disciplines from the physical and biomedical sciences. Some of the reasons for the persistence of this "intellectual discontinuity" are discussed. The paper is principally concerned with the prospects for greater use of the methods and orientations of the behavioural sciences in parasitic disease research and control programmes. Behavioural research tends to fall into two categories employing, on the one hand, survey research and epidemiological methods and, on the other, participant observation and interviewing in depth. These approaches are shown to be complementary-equally useful and necessary. Various categories of health-related behaviour and kinds of research objective are reviewed in the following sections. Special attention is given to psychosocial cost-benefit studies, to analyses of control sectors, and to the formulation of a control philosophy. Finally, some specific behavioural research needs are discussed for some of the parasitic diseases of priority in the UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases-schistosomiasis, filariasis, American and African trypanosomiases, and malaria.
在寄生虫病研究中，人类行为在很大程度上被忽视了，部分原因是行为学科与物理和生物医学科学长期分离。本文讨论了这种“知识间断性”持续存在的一些原因。本文主要关注在寄生虫病研究和控制项目中更多地运用行为科学方法和取向的前景。行为研究往往分为两类，一类采用调查研究和流行病学方法，另一类采用参与观察和深入访谈。事实表明，这些方法是相辅相成的——同样有用且必要。以下各节将对各类与健康相关的行为和各种研究目标进行综述。特别关注心理社会成本效益研究、控制部门分析以及控制理念的形成。最后，针对联合国开发计划署/世界银行/世界卫生组织热带病研究和培训特别规划中的一些重点寄生虫病——血吸虫病、丝虫病、美洲锥虫病和非洲锥虫病以及疟疾，讨论了一些具体的行为研究需求。
