Kimes K R, Siegel M I, Mooney M P, Todhunter J
Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260.
Cleft Palate J. 1988 Jul;25(3):282-7.
The present study examines the relative contributions of the nasal septum and airway volumes to the total volume of the fetal nasal capsule. For comparative purposes, 29 human fetal specimens (20 "normal" and 9 with cleft lip and palate (CLP] were celloidin embedded, sectioned, and stained with hemotoxylin and eosin. The specimens ranged from 8 to 21 weeks in postmenstrual age. Photomicrographs of the serial sections allowed selected anatomic structures to be computer digitized, reconstructed as three-dimensional computer representations, and quantified. Various nasal capsule component measurements were compared with overall nasal capsule size values, producing relative size indices. Significant differences (p less than 0.05) were noted between the "normal" and CLP fetal samples in the relative sizes of the nasal capsule, airways, and septum. Relative mean CLP nasal capsule volume was 14% smaller than normal, relative mean CLP airway volume was approximately 43% smaller than that of the normal specimens, whereas relative mean CLP septum volume was approximately 45% larger. Aspect ratios (i.e., height:width ratios) were utilized for shape analysis of the nasal septal cartilage and indicated that the CLP septal shape was one of increased width relative to height compared with normal specimens. Results were consonant with clinical impressions of nasal capsule deficiency in the CLP nasal capsule and revealed some new structural associations in the fetal nasal capsule.
本研究探讨鼻中隔和气道容积对胎儿鼻囊总体积的相对贡献。为进行比较，将29例人类胎儿标本（20例“正常”，9例唇腭裂（CLP））用火棉胶包埋、切片，并用苏木精和伊红染色。标本的月经龄为8至21周。连续切片的显微照片使选定的解剖结构能够进行计算机数字化处理，重建为三维计算机图像并进行量化。将鼻囊各组成部分的测量值与鼻囊总体大小值进行比较，得出相对大小指数。在“正常”和CLP胎儿样本之间，鼻囊、气道和鼻中隔的相对大小存在显著差异（p<0.05）。CLP胎儿鼻囊的相对平均体积比正常小14%，CLP气道的相对平均体积比正常标本小约43%，而CLP鼻中隔的相对平均体积约大45%。利用纵横比（即高宽比）对鼻中隔软骨进行形状分析，结果表明与正常标本相比，CLP鼻中隔的形状是宽度相对于高度增加。研究结果与CLP鼻囊中鼻囊不足的临床印象一致，并揭示了胎儿鼻囊中的一些新的结构关联。
