Patil Niranjan, Mule Prashant
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Department, Metropolis Healthcare Limited, Mumbai, India.
Infect Drug Resist. 2019 Oct 14;12:3217-3225. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S204618. eCollection 2019.
To investigate the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of commonly prescribed antimicrobials (chloramphenicol, cefixime, ofloxacin, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone) against isolates.
Blood culture positive isolates of and A (N = 251) received at Metropolis Healthcare Limited (Mumbai, India) from four zones of India (North, South, West, and East) between April and August 2018 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by E-test method. Based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the organism was categorized as sensitive, intermediate, and resistant against the respective antibiotics as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute criteria 2018.
Out of 251 isolates, 192 (76.5%) were and 59 (23.5%) were A. All 251 (100%) isolates were sensitive to cefixime, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin; 237/251 (94.4%) isolates to chloramphenicol and only 9/251 (3.6%) isolates were sensitive to ofloxacin. Based on average MIC and MIC breakpoints, isolates were found to be sensitive to chloramphenicol (MIC: 3.89±6.94 µg/mL), cefixime (MIC: 0.13±0.11 µg/mL), azithromycin (MIC: 3.32±2.19 µg/mL), and ceftriaxone (MIC: 0.11±0.18 µg/mL) and resistant to ofloxacin (MIC: 2.95±6.06 µg/mL). More than 20% of isolates had MICs of chloramphenicol as 1.5 µg/mL (27.85% isolates) and 2 µg/mL (29.53% isolates).
Our study confirms the re‑emergence of susceptibility of isolates to chloramphenicol. Further, the concern about fluoroquinolone-decreased susceptibility as indicated by the intermediate susceptibility or resistance was reiterated in this study. Though cefixime, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone showed susceptibility, the possibility of antibiotic resistance with the irrational use of these antibiotics cannot be deterred. This study thus emphasizes the need for continuous evaluation and judicious use of antimicrobials, considering the ever-changing landscape.
研究常用抗菌药物（氯霉素、头孢克肟、氧氟沙星、阿奇霉素和头孢曲松）对分离株的抗菌敏感性模式。
2018年4月至8月期间，在印度孟买的大都会医疗保健有限公司收到的来自印度四个地区（北部、南部、西部和东部）的血培养阳性的[具体菌种1]和[具体菌种2]A（N = 251）分离株，采用E-test法进行抗菌药物敏感性测试。根据最低抑菌浓度（MIC），按照2018年临床和实验室标准协会的标准，将该微生物对相应抗生素分类为敏感、中介和耐药。
在251株[具体菌种1]分离株中，192株（76.5%）为[具体菌种1]，59株（23.5%）为[具体菌种2]A。所有251株（100%）[具体菌种1]分离株对头孢克肟、头孢曲松和阿奇霉素敏感；237/251（94.4%）株分离株对氯霉素敏感，仅9/251（3.6%）株分离株对氧氟沙星敏感。根据平均MIC和MIC断点，[具体菌种1]分离株对氯霉素（MIC：3.89±6.94µg/mL）、头孢克肟（MIC：0.13±0.11µg/mL）、阿奇霉素（MIC：3.32±2.19µg/mL）和头孢曲松（MIC：0.11±0.18µg/mL）敏感，对氧氟沙星（MIC：2.95±6.06µg/mL）耐药。超过20%的[具体菌种1]分离株氯霉素的MIC为1.5µg/mL（27.85%的分离株）和2µg/mL（29.53%的分离株）。
我们的研究证实了[具体菌种1]分离株对氯霉素敏感性的再次出现。此外，本研究重申了对氟喹诺酮类药物敏感性降低的担忧，如中介敏感性或耐药性所示。虽然头孢克肟、阿奇霉素和头孢曲松显示出敏感性，但不能排除不合理使用这些抗生素导致耐药的可能性。因此，考虑到不断变化的情况，本研究强调了持续评估和合理使用抗菌药物的必要性。
