Bucher Melissa K, Spatz Diane L
Nurs Womens Health. 2019 Dec;23(6):494-507. doi: 10.1016/j.nwh.2019.09.006. Epub 2019 Nov 4.
To shed light on the current literature surrounding sexuality and breastfeeding from several domains (gender studies, psychology, and medicine), providing a discourse for discussions of sexuality, breastfeeding, and their interface while acknowledging the intersections of race and sexual orientation.
A systematic search of the literature was conducted using search terms breastfeeding and sexual activity with the electronic databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and GenderWatch.
Eligible studies were in English and were published from January 2008 through March 2019. The search resulted in 171 articles, and an additional article was identified by an expert in the field; 12 were used for review. Exclusion criteria included articles that were focused on a specific culture, feminist theory, HIV/disease transmission, historical perspective, mode of child birth, and education. Only articles that discussed relationships between breastfeeding and sexuality were included. The 12 remaining articles were compared on the basis of purpose, design, sample and setting, and results and implications.
One author extracted the data from the full-text articles and organized them into a table of evidence. Because study design and outcome measures varied, the data were synthesized narratively.
Themes that emerged from the synthesis were Breastfeeding influences one's relationship with their body and identity; When breasts are perceived as sexual, appearance influences breastfeeding decisions; and People have a concern with embarrassment, discomfort in public, and potential sexual implications of breastfeeding.
Clinicians should initiate conversations aimed at normalizing the coexistence of the characteristics of sexuality and nurturing in parents, potentially using the Sexual Perceptions of Breastfeeding Scale as a guide, while providing information about the potential for breastfeeding-related sexual dysfunction and its remedies.
从多个领域（性别研究、心理学和医学）揭示当前有关性与母乳喂养的文献，为性、母乳喂养及其相互关系的讨论提供一个话语平台，同时承认种族和性取向的交叉影响。
使用搜索词“母乳喂养”和“性活动”对电子数据库PubMed、PsycINFO和GenderWatch进行文献系统检索。
符合条件的研究为英文发表，发表时间为2008年1月至2019年3月。检索结果为171篇文章，该领域的一位专家又识别出一篇文章；共12篇文章用于综述。排除标准包括专注于特定文化、女权主义理论、艾滋病毒/疾病传播、历史视角、分娩方式和教育的文章。仅纳入讨论母乳喂养与性之间关系的文章。对其余12篇文章根据目的、设计、样本和背景以及结果和影响进行比较。
一位作者从全文文章中提取数据并将其整理成证据表。由于研究设计和结果测量方法各不相同，数据采用叙述性综合分析。
综合分析得出的主题包括：母乳喂养会影响一个人与自己身体及身份的关系；当乳房被视为具有性意味时，外观会影响母乳喂养的决定；人们担心母乳喂养带来的尴尬、在公共场合的不适以及潜在的性暗示。
临床医生应开展对话，旨在使父母中性与养育特征的共存正常化，可能以《母乳喂养的性认知量表》为指导，同时提供有关母乳喂养相关性功能障碍的可能性及其补救措施的信息。
