Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Jan;135:110939. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110939. Epub 2019 Nov 4.
The effects of foliar Se biofortification (Se+) of the lettuce on the transfer and toxicity of Hg from soil contaminated with HgCl (H) and soil collected near the former Hg smelter in Idrija (I), to terrestrial food chain are explored, with Spanish slug as a primary consumer. Foliar application of Se significantly increased Se content in the lettuce, with no detected toxic effects. Mercury exerted toxic effects on plants, decreasing plant biomass, photochemical efficiency of the photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and the total chlorophyll content. Selenium biofortification (Se+ test group) had no effect on Hg bioaccumulation in plants. In slugs, different responses were observed in H and I groups; the I/Se+ subgroup was the most strongly affected by Hg toxicity, exhibiting lower biomass, feeding and growth rate and a higher hepatopancreas/ muscle Hg translocation, pointing to a higher Hg mobility in comparison to H group. Selenium increased Hg bioavailability for slugs, but with opposite physiological responses: alleviating stress in H/Se+ and inducing it in I/Se+ group, indicating different mechanisms of Hg-Se interactions in the food chain under HgCl and Idrija soil exposures that can be mainly attributed to different Hg speciation and ligand environment in the soil.
研究了叶面硒生物强化（Se+）对受 HgCl 污染的土壤（H）和伊德里亚（Idrija）前汞冶炼厂附近土壤中汞（Hg）向陆地食物链转移及其毒性的影响，以西班牙鼻涕虫作为主要消费者。叶面施硒显著增加了生菜中的硒含量，未检测到有毒影响。汞对植物产生了毒性作用，降低了植物生物量、光合作用系统 II 的光化学效率（Fv/Fm）和总叶绿素含量。硒生物强化（Se+ 实验组）对植物中汞的生物累积没有影响。在鼻涕虫中，H 组和 I 组表现出不同的反应；I/Se+ 亚组受汞毒性影响最大，表现出较低的生物量、摄食和生长速率，以及较高的肝胰腺/肌肉汞转移，表明与 H 组相比，汞的迁移性更高。硒增加了鼻涕虫对汞的生物利用度，但产生了相反的生理反应：在 H/Se+ 组中缓解了应激，而在 I/Se+ 组中诱导了应激，表明在 HgCl 和伊德里亚土壤暴露下食物链中 Hg-Se 相互作用的不同机制，这主要归因于土壤中不同的汞形态和配体环境。
