Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2019 Oct 25;123(17):173401. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.173401.
We create a one-dimensional strongly correlated quantum gas of ^{133}Cs atoms with attractive interactions by direct laser cooling in 300 ms. After compressing and cooling the optically trapped atoms to the vibrational ground state along two tightly confined directions, the emergence of a non-Gaussian time-of-flight distribution along the third, weakly confined direction reveals that the system enters a quantum degenerate regime. We observe a reduction of two- and three-body spatial correlations and infer that the atoms are directly cooled into a highly correlated excited metastable state, known as a super-Tonks-Girardeau gas.
我们通过直接激光冷却在 300 毫秒内创建了一维强关联的 ^{133}Cs 原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体，具有吸引力相互作用。在将光学俘获的原子沿着两个紧密限制的方向压缩和冷却到振动基态之后，沿第三个弱限制方向出现的非高斯飞行时间分布表明该系统进入量子简并态。我们观察到两体和三体空间相关性的降低，并推断原子直接冷却到高度相关的激发亚稳态，称为超汤斯-吉拉德气体。
