Ekendahl Daniela, Rubovič Peter, Žlebčík Pavel, Hupka Ivan, Huml Ondřej, Bečková Věra, Malá Helena
National Radiation Protection Institute, Bartoškova 1450/28, 14000 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, V Holešovičkách 2, 18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2019 Dec 31;186(2-3):202-205. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncz202.
The unique feature of nuclear accidents with neutron exposure is the induced radioactivity in body tissues. For dosimetry purposes, the most important stable isotopes occurring in human body, which can be activated by neutrons, are 23 Na and 32 S. The respective activation reactions are as follows:23Na(n,γ)24Na and32S(n,p)32P. While sodium occurs in human blood, sulfur is present in human hair. In order to verify the practical feasibility of this dosimetry technique in conditions of our laboratory, samples of human blood and hair were irradiated in a channel of a training reactor VR-1.24Na activity was measured by gamma-ray spectrometry.32P activity in hair was measured by means of a proportional counter. Based on neutron-spectrum calculation, relationships between neutron dose and induced activity were derived for both blood and hair.
中子照射导致的核事故的独特之处在于人体组织中产生的放射性。出于剂量测定的目的，人体中可被中子激活的最重要的稳定同位素是23Na和32S。各自的活化反应如下：23Na(n,γ)24Na和32S(n,p)32P。钠存在于人体血液中，而硫存在于人体毛发中。为了验证这种剂量测定技术在我们实验室条件下的实际可行性，人体血液和毛发样本在VR-1训练反应堆的一个通道中进行了辐照。通过伽马射线能谱法测量24Na活性。通过正比计数器测量毛发中的32P活性。基于中子谱计算，得出了血液和毛发中中子剂量与诱导活性之间的关系。
