Nábĕlek A K
Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-0740.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1988 Aug;84(2):476-84. doi: 10.1121/1.396880.
Vowel identification in quiet, noise, and reverberation was tested with 40 subjects who varied in age and hearing level. Stimuli were 15 English vowels spoken in a (b-t) context in a carrier sentence, which were degraded by reverberation or noise (a babble of 12 voices). Vowel identification scores were correlated with various measures of hearing loss and with age. The mean of four hearing levels at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz, termed HTL4, produced the highest correlation coefficients in all three listening conditions. The correlation with age was smaller than with HTL4 and significant only for the degraded vowels. Further analyses were performed for subjects assigned to four groups on the basis of the amount of hearing loss. In noise, performance of all four groups was significantly different, whereas, in both quiet and reverberation, only the group with the greatest hearing loss performed differently from the other groups. The relationship among hearing loss, age, and number and type of errors is discussed in light of acoustic cues available for vowel identification.
对40名年龄和听力水平各异的受试者进行了在安静、噪声和混响环境下的元音识别测试。刺激音为在载体句子中以（b - t）语境说出的15个英语元音，这些元音通过混响或噪声（12人嘈杂声）进行退化处理。元音识别分数与各种听力损失测量指标以及年龄相关。在0.5、1、2和4千赫处的四个听力水平的平均值，称为HTL4，在所有三种聆听条件下产生了最高的相关系数。与年龄的相关性小于与HTL4的相关性，且仅在退化元音情况下显著。根据听力损失程度将受试者分为四组进行了进一步分析。在噪声环境中，所有四组的表现有显著差异，而在安静和混响环境中，只有听力损失最大的组与其他组表现不同。根据可用于元音识别的声学线索，讨论了听力损失、年龄以及错误数量和类型之间的关系。
