Mavila Amrita Das, Francis Paul T
Department of Community Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2019 Oct;44(Suppl 1):S19-S22. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_24_19.
Environmental sanitation is a major public health issue in India. Sustainable Development Goal 6 envisages the accessibility of safe water and sanitation throughout the world. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA), a national cleanliness campaign established by the Government of India in 2014, has six main objectives. It has crossed the half-way point of its intended implementation course.
This study aims to assess the impact of SBA on the sanitation of Cochin Corporation and to identify factors associated with awareness and practice of SBA.
A cross-sectional study among residents of Cochin Corporation.
Semi-structured questionnaire was used to measure awareness, practice, and impact of SBA. Three divisions were selected purposively. A score was assigned for knowledge and impact assessment questions and was classified into three categories.
Descriptive statistics using frequencies and percentages were done. Chi-square test was used to test differences between proportions.
Thirty percent had no awareness regarding SBA and 42% had minimal awareness regarding the program and its objectives. Only 24% responded that SBA had a good impact on the overall sanitation of the community. The impact of SBA was significantly associated with socioeconomic status. The study revealed the major sanitary concern of the community to be the disposal of solid waste.
The SBA did not have a significant impact on Cochin population due to existing good sanitation. Solid waste disposal is still a concern of the community. As far as, Kerala is concerned, it appears that the primary focus of SBA should be on Municipal Solid Waste Management.
环境卫生是印度的一个重大公共卫生问题。可持续发展目标6设想在全球范围内实现安全饮用水和卫生设施的可及性。“清洁印度运动”（SBA）是印度政府于2014年发起的一项全国性清洁运动，有六个主要目标。它已经走过了预期实施进程的一半。
本研究旨在评估“清洁印度运动”对科钦市政当局环境卫生的影响，并确定与该运动的意识和实践相关的因素。
对科钦市政当局的居民进行横断面研究。
使用半结构化问卷来衡量“清洁印度运动”的意识、实践和影响。有目的地选择了三个分区。为知识和影响评估问题分配了一个分数，并分为三类。
使用频率和百分比进行描述性统计。使用卡方检验来检验比例之间的差异。
30%的人对“清洁印度运动”没有意识，42%的人对该计划及其目标的了解极少。只有24%的人认为“清洁印度运动”对社区的整体环境卫生有良好影响。“清洁印度运动”的影响与社会经济地位显著相关。研究表明，社区主要的卫生问题是固体废物的处理。
由于现有的良好卫生条件，“清洁印度运动”对科钦人口没有产生重大影响。固体废物处理仍然是社区关注的问题。就喀拉拉邦而言，“清洁印度运动”的主要重点似乎应该放在城市固体废物管理上。
