Department of Urology, UZ Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Electrical Engineering ESAT, STADIUS Stadius Centre for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing and Data Analytics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Neurourol Urodyn. 2020 Jan;39(1):367-375. doi: 10.1002/nau.24215. Epub 2019 Nov 14.
That children with nocturnal enuresis ("bedwetting") are deep sleepers is a fact that their parents often state when asking for advice. However, until today no clear difference in sleep has been observed between children who do and do not wet the bed. This study investigates the difference in sleep parameters and heart rate variability (HRV) between enuretic and control children in their home setting by using a wearable sleep tracker during a long observation period.
Twenty-one enuretic and 18 control children, aged 6 to 12 years old, slept with a wearable sleep tracker device, a Fitbit Charge 2, for 14 consecutive days. In addition, nocturnal urine production (voided volumes and/or weight of the diaper) were measured. The HRV was calculated using the standard time and frequency domain parameters. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to evaluate the differences in the sleep and HRV parameters between both groups.
Compared with healthy controls, enuretic children showed a higher standard deviation (P = .0209) of minutes spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep among the different nights. In addition, they showed the tendencies to fewer awakenings (P = .1161), although this was not significant. Analyzing the wet nights of the enuretic children, they showed higher autonomic activity, lower sleep efficiency and a higher restlessness compared with their dry nights and to the control group.
This 2-weeks sleep-study, using a wrist-worn sleep tracker device Fitbit Charge 2, in the normal home environment has shown that enuretic children have a larger variation in their REM sleep and sleepless efficiently during a wet night when compared with non-bedwetting children.
夜遗尿（“尿床”）儿童通常是深度睡眠者，这是他们的父母在寻求建议时经常提到的事实。然而，迄今为止，尚未观察到尿床儿童与不尿床儿童之间的睡眠有明显差异。本研究通过在长时间观察期间使用可穿戴睡眠追踪器，在家庭环境中调查遗尿和对照组儿童之间的睡眠参数和心率变异性（HRV）差异。
21 名遗尿和 18 名年龄在 6 至 12 岁的对照组儿童连续 14 天佩戴可穿戴睡眠追踪器（Fitbit Charge 2）睡觉。此外，还测量了夜间的尿产量（排空量和/或尿布的重量）。使用标准的时域和频域参数计算 HRV。应用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验评估两组之间的睡眠和 HRV 参数差异。
与健康对照组相比，遗尿儿童在不同夜间 REM 睡眠中花费的分钟标准差更高（P = .0209）。此外，他们的觉醒次数更少（P = .1161），尽管这并不显著。分析遗尿儿童的湿夜，与干夜和对照组相比，他们表现出更高的自主活动、更低的睡眠效率和更高的不安。
这项为期 2 周的睡眠研究使用腕戴式睡眠追踪器 Fitbit Charge 2 在正常家庭环境中进行，结果表明与非尿床儿童相比，遗尿儿童在 REM 睡眠中变化更大，并且在湿夜时睡眠效率更低。
