Dongol Singh S, Shrestha A
Department of Pediatrics, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2018;16(64):290-295.
Background Asthma is one of the most common chronic childhood illnesses with rapidly increasing prevalence in low income countries. For planning effective intervention to reverse this condition we need a better understanding of the risk factors for asthma in early life. Objective To identify the risk factors associated with childhood asthma and its morbidity patterns. Method The case control study was conducted in the pediatric department of Dhulikhel hospital, Kathmandu University hospital, Dhulikhel from March 2016 to March 2017. The control group was composed of 175 age matched children attending the outpatient clinic with non pulmonary health problem. Data was collected through Performa and analyzed using SPSS version 23. The association of asthma with genetic and environmental risk factors was evaluated by univariant (chi-square or Fisher's exact test) and binomial logistic regression. Result Childhood asthma was more common in male children between 1-5 years. Majority of children 77(44%) were graded as mild persistent asthma. Risk factor associated with asthma include family history of asthma (OR0.06; 95%CI .005-0.94, p=0.04), nonexclusive breast feeding (OR18.42; 95% CI 2.56-132.3, p=0.004), allergic disorder in children (OR0.003; 95%CI 0.000-0.037, p=0.0001). Conclusion Family history of asthma, allergic history in the patient and nonexclusive breast feeding were significantly associated with asthma. There is no significant association of asthma with exposure to allergic food, exposure to smoke and domestic animals.
哮喘是儿童期最常见的慢性疾病之一，在低收入国家其患病率迅速上升。为了规划有效的干预措施来扭转这种状况，我们需要更好地了解早期生活中哮喘的风险因素。目的：确定与儿童哮喘及其发病模式相关的风险因素。方法：2016年3月至2017年3月在加德满都大学杜利凯尔医院儿科进行了病例对照研究。对照组由175名年龄匹配的患有非肺部健康问题的门诊儿童组成。通过表格收集数据，并使用SPSS 23版进行分析。通过单变量（卡方检验或费舍尔精确检验）和二项逻辑回归评估哮喘与遗传和环境风险因素的关联。结果：儿童哮喘在1至5岁的男性儿童中更为常见。大多数儿童77名（44%）被评为轻度持续性哮喘。与哮喘相关的风险因素包括哮喘家族史（OR0.06；95%CI 0.005 - 0.94，p = 0.04）、非纯母乳喂养（OR18.42；95%CI 2.56 - 132.3，p = 0.004）、儿童过敏症（OR0.003；95%CI 0.000 - 0.037，p = 0.0001）。结论：哮喘家族史、患者过敏史和非纯母乳喂养与哮喘显著相关。哮喘与接触过敏性食物、接触烟雾和家畜之间无显著关联。
