Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Med Care Res Rev. 2020 Oct;77(5):387-401. doi: 10.1177/1077558719888427. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
Primary care providers (PCPs) in the United States work in challenging environments and may be at risk for burnout. This article identifies the predictors and outcomes of burnout among PCPs in the United States. A comprehensive literature search of eight databases was conducted to identify studies investigating predictors or outcomes of PCP burnout. The Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal checklists for cross-sectional and cohort studies were used for quality appraisal. Overall, 21 studies met inclusion criteria, had sufficient quality, reported personal and/or organizational predictors of burnout, and described burnout outcomes at the patient, provider, or organizational level. Prevalence of PCP burnout ranged from 13.5% to 60%. The primary care practice environment was the most common predictor of PCP burnout. In conclusion, developing interventions to improve the practice environment may help reduce PCP burnout. Future studies using robust study designs and standardized instruments to consistently measure burnout are needed.
美国的初级保健提供者（PCP）在充满挑战的环境中工作，可能面临倦怠的风险。本文确定了美国 PCP 倦怠的预测因素和结果。对八个数据库进行了全面的文献检索，以确定调查 PCP 倦怠预测因素或结果的研究。使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所的横断面研究和队列研究的批判性评价清单进行质量评估。总体而言，有 21 项研究符合纳入标准，具有足够的质量，报告了个人和/或组织倦怠的预测因素，并描述了患者、提供者或组织层面的倦怠结果。PCP 倦怠的患病率从 13.5%到 60%不等。初级保健实践环境是 PCP 倦怠的最常见预测因素。总之，开发改善实践环境的干预措施可能有助于减少 PCP 倦怠。需要使用稳健的研究设计和标准化工具来持续测量倦怠的未来研究。
