精神分裂症中，元认知、正念和认知洞察力与自我同情的独立关系。
The Independent Relationships of Metacognition, Mindfulness, and Cognitive Insight to Self-Compassion in Schizophrenia.
作者信息
Hochheiser Jesse, Lundin Nancy B, Lysaker Paul H
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington.
出版信息
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2020 Jan;208(1):1-6. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001065.
The debilitating nature of psychosis may be exacerbated by societal stigma and feelings of social isolation over and above positive (e.g., hallucinations) and negative (e.g., flat affect) symptoms. Thus, recovery may be facilitated by increasing self-compassion, the ability to respond with a nonjudgmental attitude of kindness toward oneself as a result of connecting with one's own inadequacies and suffering. We conducted a stepwise regression in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (n = 92) to determine the unique contributions of cognitive variables in predicting self-compassion, such as metacognition (the ability to form complex and integrated ideas about oneself and others), mindfulness, and cognitive insight. Results indicated that increased metacognitive awareness of others and mindfulness uniquely predicted greater self-compassion (i.e., self-kindness), whereas increased cognitive insight predicted greater lack of self-compassion (i.e., self-judgment). These findings suggest the potential for mindfulness and metacognitive interventions to increase positive self-compassion and promote recovery in psychosis.
除了阳性症状（如幻觉）和阴性症状（如情感平淡）之外，社会污名和社会孤立感可能会加剧精神病的衰弱性。因此，增强自我同情可能有助于康复，自我同情是指由于认识到自身的不足和痛苦而以一种不评判的友善态度对待自己的能力。我们对92名精神分裂症谱系障碍患者进行了逐步回归分析，以确定认知变量在预测自我同情方面的独特作用，如元认知（对自己和他人形成复杂综合观念的能力）、正念和认知洞察力。结果表明，对他人元认知意识的增强和正念能独特地预测更高的自我同情（即自我友善），而认知洞察力的增强则预测了更高程度的缺乏自我同情（即自我评判）。这些发现表明，正念和元认知干预有可能增强积极的自我同情并促进精神病的康复。
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