Watson H, Lee D L, Hudson P J
Department of Pure and Applied Biology, University of Leeds.
Parasitology. 1988 Aug;97 ( Pt 1):89-99. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000066774.
The course of primary and secondary infections with Trichostrongylus tenuis in the domestic chicken was investigated. Primary infections were established after the administration of single and trickle doses of infective-stage larvae. The worm burden in the caeca was highest after a single dose of 500 infective-stage larvae; this gave a mean of 87 nematodes per bird on days 89 of infection, 20 nematodes on day 14 and 0 on day 28 of infection. Following trickle doses of 60, 100, 200, 300, 400 or 500 infective-stage larvae, there was a rise and then a fall in nematode egg output in all groups. In chickens given a primary dose of 500 infective-stage larvae followed 30 days later by a single secondary dose of 500 infective-stage larvae, the mean worm burden during the secondary infection rose to 57 nematodes on day 9 of infection and then fell rapidly to 18 nematodes on day 15 and to 2 on day 30. Scanning electron microscopy showed changes in the caeca of infected birds, with the caecal surface being covered in a layer of mucus from 12 days after infection. Ball of blood-stained mucus containing nematodes were observed in the caecal droppings from day 9 of infection onwards. It is concluded that chickens rapidly expel an established infection of T. tenuis, unlike the normal host, the red grouse.
对家鸡感染纤细毛圆线虫的原发性和继发性感染过程进行了研究。在给予单剂量和滴注剂量的感染期幼虫后建立原发性感染。给予500条感染期幼虫单剂量后，盲肠中的虫负荷最高；在感染第89天，每只鸡平均有87条线虫，感染第14天有20条，感染第28天为0条。在滴注60、100、200、300、400或500条感染期幼虫后，所有组的线虫卵产量均先上升后下降。在给予500条感染期幼虫作为初次剂量，30天后再给予500条感染期幼虫作为单次二次剂量的鸡中，二次感染期间的平均虫负荷在感染第9天升至57条线虫，然后在第15天迅速降至18条，在第30天降至2条。扫描电子显微镜显示感染鸡的盲肠有变化，从感染后12天起盲肠表面覆盖一层黏液。从感染第9天起，在盲肠粪便中观察到含有线虫的血染黏液球。结论是，与正常宿主红松鸡不同，家鸡能迅速排出已建立的纤细毛圆线虫感染。
