Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL.
J Med Entomol. 2020 Feb 27;57(2):511-518. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz195.
Use of insecticidal baits risks the evolution of resistance to the feeding stimulant in the bait, not just to the active ingredient (toxicant). Sucrose-based baits are widely used against house flies, Musca domestica L. The baits are applied as dry granules, but readily liquefy. The proboscis extension reflex (PER) and consumption of alternative sweeteners, dry or in solution, were examined. Fructose, glucose, and xylitol merit further study as alternatives to sucrose. Dry, fructose, glucose, and xylitol elicited PER much more than sucrose, although not when in solution. Furthermore, dry or in solution, females and males ate as much or more fructose as sucrose. In solution, flies ate as much glucose as sucrose; although when dry, consumption was much less for glucose than sucrose. Dry, xylitol elicited as much consumption as sucrose for females, though less for males. In solution, for both sexes, xylitol elicited less consumption than sucrose did. Acesulfame potassium, sodium cyclamate, and sucralose do not look promising as they did not often elicit PER, whether dry or in solution. Erythritol also does not look promising. Erythritol elicited PER no more than sucrose did when dry and elicited PER much less than sucrose when in solution. Flies ate much less erythritol than sucrose whether dry or in solution.
使用杀虫诱饵会增加诱饵中摄食刺激物对杀虫剂产生抗药性的风险，而不仅仅是对活性成分（有毒物质）产生抗药性。基于蔗糖的诱饵被广泛用于防治家蝇（Musca domestica L.）。诱饵以干燥颗粒形式使用，但很容易液化。研究了触角延伸反射（PER）和替代甜味剂的消耗，无论是干燥的还是在溶液中的。果糖、葡萄糖和木糖醇作为蔗糖的替代品值得进一步研究。与蔗糖相比，干燥的、果糖、葡萄糖和木糖醇更能引发 PER，但在溶液中则不然。此外，无论是干燥的还是在溶液中，雌性和雄性摄入的果糖和蔗糖一样多或更多。在溶液中，苍蝇摄入的葡萄糖与蔗糖一样多；尽管当干燥时，葡萄糖的消耗比蔗糖少得多。干燥时，木糖醇对雌性的消耗与蔗糖一样多，但对雄性的消耗则较少。在溶液中，无论是雌性还是雄性，木糖醇的消耗都比蔗糖少。乙酰磺胺酸钾、环己基氨基磺酸钠和三氯蔗糖看起来不太有希望，因为它们无论是干燥的还是在溶液中，都很少引发 PER。赤藓糖醇也不太有希望。赤藓糖醇无论是干燥的还是在溶液中，引发的 PER 都不比蔗糖多，而在溶液中，引发的 PER 比蔗糖少得多。无论是干燥的还是在溶液中，苍蝇摄入的赤藓糖醇都比蔗糖少。
