在埃塞俄比亚东北部阿法尔州的公共卫生机构中，助产士和护士对新生儿立即护理的知识和实践。
Knowledge and practice of immediate newborn care among midwives and nurses in public health facilities of Afar regional state, Northeast Ethiopia.
机构信息
Family Health Case Team Coordinator, Regional Health Bureau, Samara, Afar, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019 Nov 19;19(1):422. doi: 10.1186/s12884-019-2581-3.
BACKGROUND
The care given to newborns immediately within the first few hours of birth is critical for their survival. However, their survival depends on the health professional's knowledge and skills to deliver appropriate newborn care interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of immediate newborn care among nurses and midwives in public health facilities of Afar Regional State, Northeast Ethiopia.
METHODS
Institution based cross-sectional study design was employed on 357 nurses and midwives working in 48 public health facilities (45 health centers and 3 hospitals) during April 2018. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaire and observation checklist. Then, data were entered into Epi-info version 7.0 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to estimate odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. A p-value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.
RESULTS
Overall, 53.8% [95% CI: (48.6, 59.0%)] and 62.7% [(95% CI: (57.7, 67.8%))] of the health professionals (midwives and nurses) had adequate knowledge and good practice on immediate newborn care, respectively. Working in hospital [AOR: 4.62; 95% CI (1.76, 12.10)], being a female [AOR: 0.59; 95% CI (0.39, 0.98)] and interested in providing newborn care [AOR: 0.29; 95% CI (0.13, 0.68)] were positively associated with having adequate knowledge on immediate newborn care. On the other hand, having work experience of < 5 years [AOR: 0.33; 95% CI (0.14, 0.78)], inadequate knowledge [AOR: 0.39; 95% CI (0.25, 0.64)], having work load [AOR: 2.09; 95% CI (1.17, 3.73)], being not interested to provide immediate newborn care [AOR: 0.35; 95% CI (0.16, 0.74)] and working in health center [AOR: 8.56; 95% CI (2.39, 30.63)] were negatively associated with good immediate newborn care practices.
CONCLUSIONS
A significant number of nurses and midwives had inadequate knowledge and poor practice on immediate newborn care. Therefore, providing a comprehensive newborn care training and creating an opportunity for nurses and midwives working at health centers to share experience from those hired in hospitals are very crucial to improve their knowledge and skills on newborn care.
背景
新生儿在出生后最初的几个小时内得到的护理对其生存至关重要。然而，他们的生存取决于卫生专业人员提供适当的新生儿护理干预措施的知识和技能。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东北部阿法尔地区州公立卫生机构中护士和助产士对新生儿即刻护理的知识和实践情况。
方法
2018 年 4 月，采用基于机构的横断面研究设计，对 48 个公立卫生机构（45 个卫生中心和 3 个医院）的 357 名护士和助产士进行了研究。使用访谈式问卷调查和观察检查表收集数据。然后，将数据录入 Epi-info 版本 7.0，并导出到 SPSS 版本 20 进行分析。采用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来估计优势比及其 95%置信区间。采用 p 值<0.05 表示具有统计学意义。
结果
总体而言，53.8%（95%CI：（48.6，59.0%））和 62.7%（95%CI：（57.7，67.8%））的卫生专业人员（助产士和护士）对新生儿即刻护理有足够的知识和良好的实践经验。在医院工作（AOR：4.62；95%CI（1.76，12.10））、女性（AOR：0.59；95%CI（0.39，0.98））和对提供新生儿护理感兴趣（AOR：0.29；95%CI（0.13，0.68））与对新生儿即刻护理有足够的知识呈正相关。另一方面，工作经验不足 5 年（AOR：0.33；95%CI（0.14，0.78））、知识不足（AOR：0.39；95%CI（0.25，0.64））、工作量大（AOR：2.09；95%CI（1.17，3.73））、对提供新生儿即刻护理不感兴趣（AOR：0.35；95%CI（0.16，0.74））和在卫生中心工作（AOR：8.56；95%CI（2.39，30.63））与良好的新生儿即刻护理实践呈负相关。
结论
相当数量的护士和助产士对新生儿即刻护理的知识不足，实践不佳。因此，提供全面的新生儿护理培训并为在卫生中心工作的护士和助产士创造机会，分享从医院招聘人员的经验，对于提高他们的新生儿护理知识和技能非常重要。
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