Görig T, Schneider S, Seuffert S, Greinert R, Diehl K
Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (MIPH), Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Association of Dermatological Prevention, Hamburg, Germany.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020 May;34(5):1112-1117. doi: 10.1111/jdv.16100. Epub 2019 Dec 12.
The use of sunscreen can reduce the risk of UV-induced skin lesions. Health authorities have provided recommendations for the correct use of sunscreen use: Sufficient amount of sunscreen should be applied at least 30 min before the sun exposure and should be reapplied every 2 h.
We aimed to research the practice of sunscreen use in a population-based and representative sample in Germany.
For this cross-sectional survey, 3000 German residents aged 14-45 years were surveyed in standardized telephone interviews in 2018. Survey participants provided data on the frequency of sunscreen use in summer, timing of (re-)application and their skin characteristics. The data were weighted by age, sex, educational level and federal state to ensure the national representativeness of the sample.
Overall, 79.4% of respondents used sunscreen always, often or sometimes when being exposed to the sun. However, 87.2% of sunscreen users did not follow the recommendations on timing of application, 59.5% did not comply with the timing of reapplication. We also saw, that people potentially used too little sunscreen. These data did not differ noticeably by skin types of participants.
Our study revealed deficits in use of sunscreen in Germany, indicating that people here pay little attention to the recommendations of health authorities, regardless of their skin type. There is therefore an urgent need for targeted public information on this issue. Improving public knowledge on correct sunscreen use through educational campaigns or individual counselling by health professionals could be a first step.
使用防晒霜可降低紫外线引起的皮肤损伤风险。卫生当局已就正确使用防晒霜给出建议：应在日晒前至少30分钟涂抹足量防晒霜，且每2小时需重新涂抹。
我们旨在研究德国具有人群代表性样本中防晒霜的使用情况。
在这项横断面调查中，2018年通过标准化电话访谈对3000名年龄在14至45岁的德国居民进行了调查。调查参与者提供了夏季使用防晒霜的频率、（重新）涂抹时间以及他们的皮肤特征数据。数据按年龄、性别、教育程度和联邦州进行加权，以确保样本具有全国代表性。
总体而言，79.4%的受访者在日晒时总是、经常或有时使用防晒霜。然而，87.2%的防晒霜使用者未遵循涂抹时间建议，59.5%未遵守重新涂抹时间。我们还发现，人们可能涂抹的防晒霜用量过少。这些数据在参与者的皮肤类型方面没有明显差异。
我们的研究揭示了德国在防晒霜使用方面存在不足，表明这里的人们无论皮肤类型如何，都很少关注卫生当局的建议。因此，迫切需要针对此问题开展有针对性的公众宣传。通过教育活动或卫生专业人员的个人咨询来提高公众对正确使用防晒霜的认识可能是第一步。
