Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CEA, UMR7265 Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CEA, UMR7265 Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-Marseille, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
Trends Microbiol. 2020 Apr;28(4):266-275. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2019.10.012. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
Magnetoreception is the sense whereby organisms geolocate and navigate in response to the Earth's magnetic field lines. For decades, magnetotactic bacteria have been the only known magnetoreceptive microorganisms. The magnetotactic behaviour of these aquatic prokaryotes is due to the biomineralization of magnetic crystals. While an old report alleged the existence of microbial algae with similar behaviour, recent discoveries have demonstrated the existence of unicellular eukaryotes able to sense the geomagnetic field, and have revealed different mechanisms and strategies involved in such a sensing. Some ciliates can be magnetically guided after predation of magnetotactic bacteria, while some flagellates acquired this sense through symbiosis with magnetic bacteria. A report has even suggested that some magnetotactic protists could biomineralize magnetic crystals.
磁感觉是生物体通过感知地球磁场线来进行地理定位和导航的一种感觉。几十年来，趋磁细菌一直是唯一已知的具有磁感觉的微生物。这些水生原核生物的趋磁行为是由于磁性晶体的生物矿化作用。虽然早期有报道称存在具有类似行为的微生物藻类，但最近的发现表明，存在能够感知地磁场的单细胞真核生物，并揭示了这种感应所涉及的不同机制和策略。一些纤毛虫在捕食趋磁细菌后可以被磁场引导，而一些鞭毛虫通过与磁性细菌共生获得了这种感觉。甚至有报道称，一些趋磁原生动物可以生物矿化磁性晶体。
