Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencia do Solo, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
Section of Microbial Ecology, Department of Biology, Ecology Building, Lund University, SE-22362, Lund, Sweden.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Feb;257:113585. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113585. Epub 2019 Nov 8.
Microbial responses to Cu pollution as a function of Cu sources (Cu salts and commercial Cu fungicides) were assessed in a soil using basal soil respiration, and bacterial and fungal community growth, as endpoints. The soil was amended with different concentrations (0-32 mmol Cu kg) of Cu nitrate, Cu sulfate, Bordeaux mixture and 3 types of Cu oxychloride. Cu salts decreased soil pH, while this was not found with the other Cu sources. This difference in soil pH effects caused differences in the respiration, bacterial growth and fungal growth response. Basal soil respiration was negatively affected by Cu addition when the soil was spiked with Cu salts, but almost unaffected by commercial Cu fungicides. Bacterial growth was significantly and negatively affected by Cu addition for all the Cu sources, but Cu toxicity was higher for Cu salts than for commercial Cu fungicides. Fungal growth response was also different for Cu salts and commercial Cu fungicides, but only in the long-term. High Cu amendments using Cu salts stimulated fungal growth, whereas for commercial Cu fungicides, these concentrations inhibited fungal growth. Thus, the use of products similar to those used in commercial fungicides is a recommended practice for Cu risk assessments in soil.
采用基础土壤呼吸、细菌和真菌群落生长作为终点，评估了铜污染对铜源（铜盐和商业铜杀菌剂）的微生物响应。土壤中添加了不同浓度（0-32mmol Cu kg）的硝酸铜、硫酸铜、波尔多混合物和 3 种氧氯化铜。铜盐降低了土壤 pH 值，而其他铜源则没有发现这种情况。土壤 pH 值的这种差异导致了呼吸、细菌生长和真菌生长反应的差异。当土壤中添加铜盐时，基础土壤呼吸受到 Cu 添加的负面影响，但几乎不受商业 Cu 杀菌剂的影响。所有铜源的细菌生长都受到 Cu 添加的显著负面影响，但 Cu 毒性对于铜盐高于商业 Cu 杀菌剂。铜盐和商业铜杀菌剂的真菌生长反应也不同，但仅在长期内。高 Cu 盐处理刺激了真菌生长，而对于商业 Cu 杀菌剂，这些浓度抑制了真菌生长。因此，在土壤 Cu 风险评估中，使用类似于商业杀菌剂的产品是一种推荐的做法。
