Chemistry Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 76169, Iran.
Central Lab, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 76169, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jan;27(2):1625-1639. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-06732-4. Epub 2019 Nov 21.
A novel and efficient bio-adsorbent based on magnetic activated carbon nanocomposites (MAC NCs)-modified by sulfamic acid (HNSO) has been developed from pistachio shell precursor as agricultural by-products and then was applied for heavy metal removal. Design an experimental model (Central Composite Design (CCD)) for adopting surface response could efficiently be used for adsorption process, and it is an economical way of obtaining the optimal adsorption conditions based on the limited number of experiments. The variants of adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, and contact time were optimized for Cu(II) metal by CCD. In addition, adsorption capacity and isoelectric point (pHzpc) of adsorbent were studied at different pH values. Kinetic and isotherm of adsorption were investigated via the Langmuir and the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption capacity using the Langmuir model was 277.77 mg g for Cu(II) ions on HNSO-MAC NCs. Then adsorption process was investigated for ions of Fe(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II) under optimized condition. Also, the competitive adsorption of Fe(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II) ions mixed solution onto HNSO-MAC NCs was conducted. Adsorption-desorption results exhibited that the HNSO-MAC NCs can be used up to seven cycles while they have excellent performance. Finally, to evaluate the efficiency of this bio-adsorbent, the removal of heavy metals from wastewater of the Sarcheshmeh copper mine as a real sample was studied. Graphical abstract.
一种新型高效的生物吸附剂，以开心果壳为农业副产品，经过磺基修饰的磁性活性炭纳米复合材料（MAC NCs），已被开发出来，并用于去除重金属。采用表面响应的设计实验模型（中心复合设计（CCD））可以有效地用于吸附过程，并且这是一种基于有限数量实验获得最佳吸附条件的经济方法。通过 CCD 对吸附剂用量、金属离子浓度和接触时间进行了优化。此外，还研究了不同 pH 值下吸附剂的吸附容量和等电点（pHzpc）。通过 Langmuir 和准二级模型研究了吸附的动力学和等温线。在 Langmuir 模型中，HNSO-MAC NCs 对 Cu(II)离子的最大吸附容量为 277.77 mg g。然后在优化条件下研究了 Fe(II)、Zn(II)和 Ni(II)离子的竞争吸附。此外，还进行了 Fe(II)、Zn(II)和 Ni(II)混合溶液在 HNSO-MAC NCs 上的竞争吸附。吸附-解吸结果表明，HNSO-MAC NCs 可以使用多达七个循环，同时具有优异的性能。最后，为了评估这种生物吸附剂的效率，研究了从 Sarcheshmeh 铜矿废水去除重金属的效果，作为实际样品。
