Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2020 Mar;39(3):565-573. doi: 10.1002/etc.4637. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
The toxicokinetics of triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) in vivo including the uptake, deposition, and biotransformation into the metabolite diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) is presently reported in embryonated eggs and chicks of Japanese quail. Quail were dosed with TPHP at 3 concentrations by air cell egg injection on embryonic day 0, followed by daily oral dosing after chicks hatched (5 d). Vehicle-only exposed controls were also used. In dosed eggs, only 33% of the TPHP remained 2 d after injection (no hepatic development); after 10 d (post-hepatogenesis), only 2% remained. The estimated TPHP half-lives in the eggs ranged from 1.1 to 1.8 d for the 3 dosed groups. In all exposed eggs and chicks, DPHP significantly increased with dose (0.001 < p < 0.044). It appears that DPHP is an important metabolite in quail, making up 41 to 74% of all metabolites formed in embryonated eggs. In chicks, at medium and high doses, DPHP concentrations significantly exceeded those of TPHP (p ≤ 0.007), making up 67 and 76% of the total burden, respectively. Our findings suggest that rapid TPHP metabolism occurred in chicks and embryonated quail eggs but that this may vary with the age of the embryonated egg and the stage of embryo development, which should be considered when evaluating concentrations of TPHP and DPHP measured in eggs of wild birds. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:565-573. © 2019 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry © 2019 SETAC.
三苯基磷酸酯（TPHP）在体内的毒代动力学，包括摄取、沉积和生物转化为代谢物二苯基磷酸酯（DPHP），目前在日本鹌鹑的鸡胚和雏鸡中进行了报道。鹌鹑在胚胎第 0 天通过气室卵注射以 3 种浓度接受 TPHP 处理，然后在雏鸡孵化后（5 天）每天口服给药。仅用载体处理的对照组也同时使用。在给药的卵中，只有 33%的 TPHP 在注射后 2 天（无肝发育）残留；在 10 天（肝发生后），只有 2%残留。在 3 个给药组中，卵中 TPHP 的估计半衰期范围为 1.1 至 1.8 天。在所有暴露的卵和雏鸡中，DPHP 随着剂量的增加而显著增加（0.001 < p < 0.044）。DPHP 似乎是鹌鹑中的一种重要代谢物，占鸡胚中形成的所有代谢物的 41%至 74%。在小鸡中，在中高剂量下，DPHP 浓度明显高于 TPHP（p ≤ 0.007），分别占总负荷的 67%和 76%。我们的研究结果表明，TPHP 在小鸡和鸡胚鹌鹑卵中迅速代谢，但这可能因鸡胚卵的年龄和胚胎发育阶段而异，在评估野生鸟类卵中 TPHP 和 DPHP 的浓度时应考虑这些因素。环境毒物化学 2020;39:565-573。© 2019 加拿大女王陛下。环境毒理学和化学© 2019 SETAC。
