Neher Deborah A, Barbercheck Mary E
Dept. of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, 63 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
Dept. of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, 501 ASI Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Insects. 2019 Nov 20;10(12):414. doi: 10.3390/insects10120414.
Two desirable functions of healthy soil are nutrient cycling and pest suppression. We review relevant literature on the contributions of soil microarthropods to soil health through their intersecting roles in decomposition and nutrient cycling and direct and indirect suppression of plant pests. Microarthropods can impact soil and plant health directly by feeding on pest organisms or serving as alternate prey for larger predatory arthropods. Indirectly, microarthropods mediate the ability of crop plants to resist or tolerate insect pests and diseases by triggering induced resistance and/or contributing to optimal nutritional balance of plants. Soil fauna, including microarthropods, are key regulators of decomposition at local scales but their role at larger scales is unresolved. Future research priorities include incorporating multi-channel omnivory into food web modeling and understanding the vulnerability of soil carbon through global climate change models.
健康土壤的两个理想功能是养分循环和抑制害虫。我们回顾了相关文献，探讨土壤微型节肢动物通过在分解和养分循环中的交叉作用以及对植物害虫的直接和间接抑制，对土壤健康所做的贡献。微型节肢动物可以通过捕食害虫生物体或作为大型捕食性节肢动物的替代猎物，直接影响土壤和植物健康。间接而言，微型节肢动物通过触发诱导抗性和/或促进植物的最佳营养平衡，调节作物植物抵抗或耐受害虫和疾病的能力。包括微型节肢动物在内的土壤动物群是局部尺度上分解作用的关键调节者，但其在更大尺度上的作用尚未明确。未来的研究重点包括将多通道杂食性纳入食物网模型，以及通过全球气候变化模型了解土壤碳的脆弱性。
