Huidobro Paloma A, Galiffi Emanuele, Guenneau Sébastien, Craster Richard V, Pendry J B
Instituto de Telecomunicações, Insituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal;
Condensed Matter Theory Group, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, SW7 2AZ, London, United Kingdom.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Dec 10;116(50):24943-24948. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1915027116. Epub 2019 Nov 25.
A moving medium drags light along with it as measured by Fizeau and explained by Einstein's theory of special relativity. Here we show that the same effect can be obtained in a situation where there is no physical motion of the medium. Modulations of both the permittivity and permeability, phased in space and time in the form of traveling waves, are the basis of our model. Space-time metamaterials are represented by effective bianisotropic parameters, which can in turn be mapped to a moving homogeneous medium. Hence these metamaterials mimic a relativistic effect without the need for any actual material motion. We discuss how both the permittivity and permeability need to be modulated to achieve these effects, and we present an equivalent transmission line model.
如菲佐所测量并由爱因斯坦狭义相对论所解释的那样，运动的介质会拖动光一起运动。在此我们表明，在介质没有物理运动的情况下也能获得同样的效应。以行波形式在空间和时间上相位调制的介电常数和磁导率是我们模型的基础。时空超材料由有效的双各向异性参数表示，这些参数进而可以映射到一个运动的均匀介质上。因此，这些超材料无需任何实际的材料运动就能模拟相对论效应。我们讨论了如何同时调制介电常数和磁导率以实现这些效应，并给出了一个等效传输线模型。
