Silverton L
Social Science Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1988 Jul;78(1):72-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb06303.x.
Previous studies support a relationship between schizophrenia and antisocial behavior. In the present study, offspring of schizophrenics showed a greater degree of antisocial behavior than did offspring of parents without psychopathology. The present study clarifies the interplay between risk for schizophrenia and developmental factors in determining antisocial behavior. Those variables which distinguished high-risk criminal behavior from high-risk non-criminal behavior were irritability and shortened attention span in infancy, paternal absence during ages 15 to 17, lower WAIS Verbal IQ, impoverished neighborhood, family discord and negative attitude towards father. In a multiple regression analysis, paternal absence in adolescence, shortness of attention span, and low Verbal IQ each contributed a unique portion of the variance in antisocial behavior. A block of interaction terms (Stressor X Risk) did not contribute a significant portion of the variance in antisocial behavior, suggesting that those factors which predict antisocial behavior in the high-risk group are the same factors which predict antisocial behavior in the low-risk group. In addition, a significant portion of the variance in phenotypic outcome (criminal vs. schizophrenic) was accounted for by passivity in infancy (predictive of schizophrenia) and low Verbal IQ (more common in high-risk criminals). Shortened attention spans in infancy were found to precede both criminal behavior and schizophrenia in this sample. This feature may therefore indicate a genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia.
以往的研究支持精神分裂症与反社会行为之间存在关联。在本研究中，精神分裂症患者的后代比无精神病理学问题的父母的后代表现出更高程度的反社会行为。本研究阐明了精神分裂症风险与发育因素在决定反社会行为方面的相互作用。区分高风险犯罪行为与高风险非犯罪行为的变量包括婴儿期的易怒和注意力持续时间缩短、15至17岁时父亲缺失、韦氏成人智力量表（WAIS）语言智商较低、贫困社区、家庭不和以及对父亲的消极态度。在多元回归分析中，青少年期父亲缺失、注意力持续时间短和语言智商低各自在反社会行为的方差中贡献了独特的部分。一组交互项（压力源X风险）在反社会行为的方差中未贡献显著部分，这表明那些在高风险组中预测反社会行为的因素与在低风险组中预测反社会行为的因素相同。此外，表型结果（犯罪与精神分裂症）方差的很大一部分可由婴儿期的被动性（预测精神分裂症）和低语言智商（在高风险罪犯中更常见）来解释。在这个样本中，发现婴儿期注意力持续时间缩短先于犯罪行为和精神分裂症出现。因此，这一特征可能表明存在精神分裂症的遗传易感性。
