Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Graduation Program in Psychiatry, Brazil.
Cingulo Mental Health App, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Mar 1;264:446-454. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.073. Epub 2019 Nov 13.
Temperamental characteristics have been suggested as potential vulnerability markers or could help differential diagnosis among psychiatric disorders. The current study aimed to explore whether there are specific temperament profiles related to different psychological symptoms, according to the Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament (AFECT) model.
We used a cross-sectional web-based survey collected from the Brazilian Internet Study on Temperament and Psychopathology (BRAINSTEP). The sample consisted of 16,495 self-selected volunteers assessed with the Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament Scale (AFECTS), Adult Self-Report Inventory (ASRI), and Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS).
All unstable affective temperaments (cyclothymic, dysphoric, and volatile) correlated, in different intensities, with all psychiatric symptoms assessed. Cyclothymic temperament was mainly related to borderline personality symptoms. Dysphoric and volatile temperament showed an association with attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms. Melancholic temperament was associated with major depressive symptoms, and euphoric temperament showed a positive correlation with maniac symptoms. Euthymic and hyperthymic temperaments were negatively correlated with all psychiatric symptoms. In addition, the assessment of the emotional traits of temperament showed that high volition, low anger, low sensitivity, and high control are characteristics that are not related to psychopathology.
This study had a cross-sectional design, which does not allow an exact inference of cause and consequence.
Our results suggest that temperament assessment using AFECT model may be relevant to assess the risk of developing psychological symptoms over the time. These results strengthen the theoretical framework that psychiatric disorders may be manifestations of the extremes of affective temperaments.
气质特征被认为是潜在的脆弱性标志物，或者可以帮助精神障碍之间的鉴别诊断。本研究旨在根据情感和情绪综合气质模型（AFECT），探索是否存在与不同心理症状相关的特定气质特征。
我们使用了巴西互联网气质和精神病理学研究（BRAINSTEP）的横断面网络调查收集的数据。该样本由 16495 名自我选择的志愿者组成，他们接受了情感和情绪综合气质量表（AFECTS）、成人自我报告量表（ASRI）和成人自我报告量表（ASRS）的评估。
所有不稳定的情感气质（环性、抑郁和易变）都以不同的强度与评估的所有精神症状相关。环性气质主要与边缘型人格症状有关。抑郁和易变气质与注意缺陷多动症状有关。忧郁气质与重度抑郁症状有关，欣快气质与躁狂症状呈正相关。平静和热情的气质与所有精神症状呈负相关。此外，对气质的情绪特征的评估表明，高意志、低愤怒、低敏感性和高控制是与精神病理学无关的特征。
本研究采用横断面设计，不能准确推断因果关系。
我们的结果表明，使用 AFECT 模型评估气质可能与评估随着时间的推移出现心理症状的风险有关。这些结果加强了精神病障碍可能是情感气质极端表现的理论框架。
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