Faculdade de Biociências e de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
J Affect Disord. 2012 Sep;140(1):14-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.08.036. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
Based on many temperament frameworks, here we propose an integration of emotional and affective temperaments (the AFECT model), forming a common substrate for mood, behavior, personality and part of cognition. Temperament is conceived as a self-regulated system with six emotional dimensions: volition, anger, inhibition, sensitivity, coping and control. The different combinations of these emotional dimensions result in 12 affective temperament types, namely depressive, anxious, apathetic, obsessive, cyclothymic, dysphoric, irritable, volatile, disinhibited, hyperthymic and euphoric. We also developed and validated a self-report scale to evaluate this construct, the Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament Scale (AFECTS).
Exploratory and confirmatory psychometric analyses were performed with the internet version of the AFECTS in 2947 subjects (72% females, 35±11years old).
The factors interpreted as volition, anger, inhibition, sensitivity, coping and control showed very good Cronbach's alphas for 5 dimensions (0.87-0.90) and acceptable alpha for inhibition (0.75). Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated this 6-factor structure when considering inhibition as a second-order factor with fear and caution as first-order factors (SRMR=0.061; RMSEA=0.053). In the Affective section, all 12 categorical affective temperaments were selected in the categorical choice, with 99% of volunteers identifying at least one adequate description of their affective temperament.
Only the internet version was used in a general population sample.
The AFECT model provides an integrated framework of temperament as a self-regulated system, with implications for mental health, psychiatric disorders and their treatment. The AFECTS showed good psychometric properties to further study this model.
基于许多气质框架，我们在此提出情感和情感气质的整合（AFECT 模型），为情绪、行为、个性和部分认知形成一个共同的基础。气质被设想为一个自我调节系统，具有六个情绪维度：意志、愤怒、抑制、敏感、应对和控制。这些情绪维度的不同组合导致 12 种情感气质类型，即抑郁、焦虑、冷漠、强迫、双相、烦躁、易怒、多变、抑制不足、兴高采烈和欣快。我们还开发并验证了一种用于评估该结构的自我报告量表，即情感和情绪综合气质量表（AFECTS）。
在 2947 名受试者（72%为女性，年龄 35±11 岁）的互联网版本上进行了探索性和验证性心理测量学分析。
解释为意志、愤怒、抑制、敏感、应对和控制的因素在 5 个维度上具有非常好的 Cronbach 阿尔法（0.87-0.90），而抑制的 alpha 值可接受（0.75）。当考虑将抑制作为具有恐惧和谨慎作为一阶因子的二阶因子时，验证性因素分析证实了这种 6 因子结构（SRMR=0.061；RMSEA=0.053）。在情感部分，12 种分类情感气质在分类选择中均被选中，99%的志愿者都能识别出至少一种适合描述其情感气质的描述。
仅在一般人群样本中使用了互联网版本。
AFECT 模型提供了一种综合的气质框架，将气质视为一个自我调节系统，对心理健康、精神障碍及其治疗具有重要意义。AFECTS 具有良好的心理测量学特性，可进一步研究该模型。
