Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
Adv Mater. 2020 Jan;32(2):e1903285. doi: 10.1002/adma.201903285. Epub 2019 Nov 29.
"Nonfouling" polymer brush surfaces can greatly improve the performance of in vitro diagnostic (IVD) assays due to the reduction of nonspecific protein adsorption and consequent improvement of signal-to-noise ratios. The development of synthetic polymer brush architectures that suppress adventitious protein adsorption is reviewed, and their integration into surface plasmon resonance and fluorescent sandwich immunoassay formats is discussed. Also, highlighted is a novel, self-contained immunoassay platform (the D4 assay) that transforms time-consuming laboratory-based assays into a user-friendly and point-of-care format with a sensitivity and specificity comparable or better than standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) directly from unprocessed samples. These advancements clearly demonstrate the utility of nonfouling polymer brushes as a substrate for ultrasensitive and robust diagnostic assays that may be suitable for clinical testing, in field and laboratory settings.
“抗污”聚合物刷表面由于减少了非特异性蛋白质吸附,从而提高了信噪比,因此可以极大地改善体外诊断(IVD)检测的性能。综述了抑制偶然蛋白质吸附的合成聚合物刷结构的发展,并讨论了它们在表面等离子体共振和荧光夹心免疫测定格式中的集成。此外,还突出了一种新颖的、独立的免疫测定平台(D4 测定法),它将耗时的基于实验室的测定法转化为用户友好的即时护理格式,与标准酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)相比,从未处理的样品中直接获得的灵敏度和特异性相当或更好。这些进展清楚地表明,抗污聚合物刷作为超灵敏和强大的诊断测定法的底物是有用的,这些测定法可能适用于临床测试、现场和实验室环境。