Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Istanbul University, Balabanağa mh, Ordu Cd, No:8, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 Jan;104(2):489-508. doi: 10.1007/s00253-019-10239-w. Epub 2019 Dec 4.
The aim of this review is to give a summary of natural lignocellulose-degrading systems focusing mainly on animal digestive tracts of wood-feeding insects and ruminants in order to find effective strategies that can be applied to improve anaerobic digestion processes in engineered systems. Wood-feeding animals co-evolved with symbiotic microorganisms to digest lignocellulose-rich biomass in a very successful way. Considering the similarities between these animal gut systems and the lignocellulose-based biotechnological processes, the gut with its microbial consortium can be a perfect model for an advanced lignocellulose-degrading biorefinery. The physicochemical properties and structure of the gut may provide a scheme for the process design, and the microbial consortium may be applied as genetic resource for the up-scaled bioreactor communities. Manipulation of the gut microbiota is also discussed in relation to the management of the reactor communities.
本综述的目的是总结天然木质纤维素降解系统，主要关注木质素纤维食物性昆虫和反刍动物的动物消化道，以寻找可应用于改进工程系统中厌氧消化过程的有效策略。木质素纤维食物性动物与共生微生物共同进化，以非常成功的方式消化富含木质素纤维的生物质。考虑到这些动物肠道系统与木质素纤维为基础的生物技术过程之间的相似性，肠道及其微生物群落可以作为先进木质素纤维降解生物精炼厂的理想模型。肠道的物理化学性质和结构可以为工艺设计提供方案，而微生物群落可以作为放大生物反应器群落的遗传资源应用。还讨论了肠道微生物群的操纵与反应器群落的管理之间的关系。
